What is the chemical formula of 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid?

3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid is an organic compound.Dimethylacrylic Acid is an organic compound. To determine its chemical formula, we first need to understand its structure and the rules of organic chemical nomenclature.To determine its chemical composition, we must first understand its structure as well as the rules of organic chemical nomenclature.
The base structure here is acrylic acid.Acrylic acid is the base structure. Acrylic acid has the formula CH2=CH - COOH.Acrylic acid is a compound with the formula CH2=CH-COOH. It consists of a vinyl group (CH2=CH - ) attached to a carboxyl group (-COOH).It is composed of a vinyl group attached to a carboxyl (-COOH) group.

In 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid, the "3,3 - Dimethyl" part indicates that there are two methyl groups (-CH3) attached to the third carbon atom in the carbon chain of the acrylic acid structure.The "3,3-Dimethyl" part of the name indicates that the third carbon atom (-CH3) in the acrylic acid structure is attached with two methyl groups.

Starting from the carboxyl carbon as carbon 1, in the vinyl - carboxyl chain of acrylic acid, when we add two methyl groups at the third carbon.Add two methyl groups to the third carbon in the vinyl-carboxyl chain of acrylic acids, starting with the carboxyl carbon at carbon 1. The structure is modified as follows.The structure is modified in the following way. The carbon atoms in the chain are numbered in sequence.The carbon atoms are numbered sequentially. The carboxyl carbon is C1, the carbon in the double bond adjacent to the carboxyl is C2, and the other carbon in the double bond is C3.The carbon in the carboxyl double bond is C1, and the carbon in double bond adjacent to carboxyl is also C2.

The chemical formula of 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid can be derived from its structure.From its structure, the chemical formula for 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic Acid can be determined. The overall formula is C5H8O2.The overall formula is C5H8O2. Here's the breakdown:Here's a breakdown:
- The carboxyl group contributes 1 carbon, 2 oxygen, and 1 hydrogen atom (COOH).The carboxyl group contains 1 carbon, 2 atoms of oxygen, and 1 atom of hydrogen (COOH).
- The double - bonded part of the original acrylic acid structure along with the two methyl groups at the appropriate carbon contribute the remaining atoms.The remaining atoms are derived from the double-bonded part of the acrylic acid structure and the two methyl groups attached to the appropriate carbon. The two - carbon double - bonded structure of the original acrylic acid backbone and the two methyl groups attached to one of those carbons add up to 4 more carbon atoms and 7 more hydrogen atoms.The double-bonded structure of the acrylic acid backbone with two carbons and the two methyl group attached to one carbon adds up to four more carbon atoms, and seven more hydrogen atoms.

In total, we have 5 carbon atoms (1 from the carboxyl and 4 from the rest of the structure), 8 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms.The total number of carbon atoms is 5 (1 from the carboxyl, and 4 from the remainder of the structure), along with 8 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms. So the chemical formula of 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid is C5H8O2.The chemical formula for 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid, then, is C5H8O2. This formula represents the elemental composition of the compound, which is useful in various chemical calculations such as determining molar mass, stoichiometry in chemical reactions, and understanding its physical and chemical properties related to its molecular structure.This formula represents the chemical composition of the compound. It is useful for various chemical calculations, such as determining the molar mass and stoichiometry during chemical reactions. For example, the molar mass of 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid can be calculated using the atomic masses of carbon (about 12 g/mol), hydrogen (about 1 g/mol), and oxygen (about 16 g/mol).The molar mass for 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid, for example, can be calculated by using the atomic mass of carbon (12 g/mol), oxygen (16 g/mol) and hydrogen (1 g/mol). Based on the formula C5H8O2, the molar mass is (5*12)+(8*1)+(2*16)=60 + 8+ 32 = 100 g/mol. This molar mass value is important in laboratory work when measuring out specific amounts of the compound for reactions.This molar weight value is important when working in the laboratory and measuring out specific amounts for reactions.

What are the main applications of 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid?

3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid, also known as methacrylic acid, has several important applications.Dimethylacrylic Acid, also known by the name methacrylic acids, has many important applications.
In the field of polymers, it is a crucial monomer.It is a monomer that is crucial in the field of polymers. When polymerized, it forms poly(methacrylic acid).It is polymerized to form poly(methacrylic acids). This polymer is widely used in the production of superabsorbent polymers.This polymer is widely utilized in the production superabsorbent materials. These superabsorbent polymers can absorb and retain a large amount of water, and are thus used in products like disposable diapers, feminine hygiene products, and adult incontinence products.These superabsorbent materials can absorb and hold a large amount water. They are used in products such as disposable diapers, feminine products, and adult incontinence. They can quickly absorb and hold liquid, providing dryness and comfort to the users.They can quickly hold liquid and provide comfort and dryness to users.

It is also used in the manufacture of acrylic resins.It is also used to manufacture acrylic resins. Acrylic resins made from 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid have excellent optical clarity, weather resistance, and chemical resistance.Acrylic resins made of 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acids have excellent optical clarity and weather resistance. They also have chemical resistance. These resins are used in the production of coatings.These resins are used to make coatings. For example, they can be used as automotive coatings, which not only provide a good - looking finish but also protect the car body from environmental factors such as UV rays, moisture, and chemicals.They can be used to coat automobiles. This not only provides a good-looking finish, but also protects the car body against environmental factors like UV rays and chemicals. In the field of architectural coatings, they can be used to coat buildings, offering long - lasting protection and an aesthetically pleasing appearance.Architectural coatings can be used on buildings to provide long-lasting protection and an attractive appearance.

3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid is used in the synthesis of adhesives.In the synthesis of adhesives, dimethylacrylic acid (3,3) is used. The resulting adhesives have good adhesion properties to a variety of substrates, including metals, plastics, and ceramics.The adhesives produced have good adhesion to a variety substrates including metals and plastics. They are used in industries such as electronics, where precise bonding of components is required.In industries like electronics, where precise component bonding is required, they are used. In the furniture industry, these adhesives can be used to join different parts of furniture together, providing strong and durable bonds.These adhesives are used in the furniture industry to bond different pieces of furniture together. They provide strong and durable bonds.

In the pharmaceutical and medical fields, derivatives of 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid are used.In the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields, 3,3 -dimethylacrylic acids are used. For instance, some polymers based on this acid can be designed to be pH - sensitive.Polymers based on the acid can be designed in a way that they are pH-sensitive. These polymers can be used as drug delivery systems.These polymers are useful as drug delivery systems. They can encapsulate drugs and release them at specific pH conditions, such as in the acidic environment of the stomach or the slightly basic environment of the intestines, enabling targeted drug delivery.They can encapsulate and release drugs at specific pH conditions such as the acidic environment in the stomach or slightly basic environment in the intestines. This allows targeted drug delivery.

In addition, in the field of textile finishing, 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid - based polymers can be used to improve the properties of fabrics.Polymers based on 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid can also be used in textile finishing to improve fabric properties. They can enhance the fabric's resistance to wrinkles, stains, and abrasion, making the textiles more durable and easier to care for.They can improve the fabric's resistance against wrinkles, stains and abrasion. This makes the textiles more durable. Overall, 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid plays a significant role in various industries due to its unique chemical properties that enable the creation of materials with diverse and useful characteristics.The unique chemical properties of 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid enable it to be used in a variety of industries.

What are the physical and chemical properties of 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid?

3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid, also known as 2 - methyl - 2 - butenoic acid, has the following physical and chemical properties:The physical and chemical properties of 3,3-dimethylacrylic, also known by the name 2 - methyl-2 - butenoic, are as follows:
Physical Properties

Appearance
At room temperature, 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid is typically a colorless to slightly yellowish liquid.At room temperature, the liquid 3,3-dimethylacrylic is usually colorless or slightly yellowish. This color can be influenced by factors such as purity and storage conditions.This color can be affected by factors like purity and storage conditions. Impurities may cause a more pronounced color change, with contaminants potentially leading to a darker or more off - color appearance.Impurities can cause a more pronounced change in color, and contaminants may lead to a darker color.

Odor
It has a pungent, unpleasant odor.It has an unpleasant, pungent smell. This strong smell is characteristic of many carboxylic acids and is due to the presence of the carboxyl functional group (-COOH).This strong smell is a characteristic of many carboxylic acid and is due to carboxyl functional groups (-COOH). The pungency can be quite intense and may be detectable even at low concentrations.The pungency is quite intense and can be detected even at low concentrations.

Melting and Boiling PointsMelting Points and Boiling Points
The melting point of 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid is around - 13 degC.The melting point for 3,3 - dimethylacrylic is approximately - 13 degC. This relatively low melting point indicates that it remains in a liquid state under normal ambient temperatures.This low melting point indicates it remains liquid at normal ambient temperatures. Its boiling point is approximately 169 - 172 degC at standard atmospheric pressure.At standard atmospheric pressure, its boiling point is between 169 and 172 degC. The boiling point is determined by the strength of the intermolecular forces present in the compound.The strength of intermolecular forces in the compound determines the boiling point. In this case, the presence of the carboxyl group allows for hydrogen bonding between molecules, which increases the energy required to convert the liquid to a gas.In this case, hydrogen bonds between molecules are increased by the presence of carboxyl groups.

Solubility
3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid is moderately soluble in water.Water is moderately soluble for 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid. The carboxyl group can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, facilitating solubility to some extent.The carboxyl group is able to form hydrogen bonds with the water molecules, which helps in some degree. However, the hydrophobic nature of the two methyl - substituted carbon chain reduces its solubility compared to simpler carboxylic acids like acetic acid.The hydrophobic nature the two methyl-substituted carbon chains has on the acid reduces its solubility when compared to simple carboxylic acids such as acetic. It is more soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform.It is more soluble when dissolved in organic solvents like ethanol, chloroform, and ether. These organic solvents can interact with the non - polar part of the molecule through van der Waals forces while also having the ability to interact with the carboxyl group through hydrogen bonding or other polar interactions.These organic solvents interact with the non-polar part of the molecules through van der Waals interactions, while also being able to interact with carboxyl groups through hydrogen bonds or other polar interaction.

Density
The density of 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid is around 0.95 g/cm3.The density of 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid is approximately 0.95 g/cm3. This density value is less than that of water (1 g/cm3), meaning it will float on water if the two are immiscible.This density value is lower than water (1 g/cm3). It will therefore float if both are immiscible.

Chemical Properties

Acidity
As a carboxylic acid, 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid is acidic.As a carboxylic, 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid has an acidic pH. The carboxyl group can donate a proton (H+) in aqueous solutions, establishing an equilibrium with its conjugate base.The carboxyl group is able to donate a proton in aqueous solution, establishing equilibrium with its conjugate bases. The acidity constant (pKa) of 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid is around 4.7, which is similar to that of many other aliphatic carboxylic acids.The acidity constant of 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid (pKa), which is similar to many other aliphatic carbohydrates, is 4.7. This acidic property allows it to react with bases such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form salts, like sodium 3,3 - dimethylacrylate, and water.This acidic property allows the reaction with bases like sodium hydroxide to form salts such as sodium 3,3-dimethylacrylate and water.

Reactivity with AlcoholsReactivity with Alcohols
It can undergo esterification reactions with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst, typically sulfuric acid.It can undergo esterification with alcohols when a catalyst is present, usually sulfuric acid. For example, when reacting with ethanol, it forms the corresponding ethyl 3,3 - dimethylacrylate ester and water.When it reacts with ethanol, for example, the corresponding ethyl 3,5 - dimethylacrylate ester and water are formed. This reaction is an important synthetic route for the production of esters, which have applications in the fragrance, flavor, and polymer industries.This reaction is a key synthetic route to produce esters that are used in the fragrance, flavor and polymer industries.

Polymerization
The double bond in 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid makes it suitable for polymerization reactions.The double bond of 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid allows it to be used in polymerization reactions. It can be polymerized through addition polymerization mechanisms, either alone or in combination with other monomers.It can be polymerized by addition polymerization, either alone or with other monomers. Radical polymerization is a common method, where initiators generate free radicals that react with the double bond, leading to the formation of long - chain polymers.Radical polymerization, in which initiators produce free radicals, react with the double bonds to form long-chain polymers, is a popular method. These polymers can have various applications, such as in coatings and adhesives, due to their film - forming and adhesive properties.These polymers have many applications, including coatings and adhesions, because of their film-forming and adhesive properties.

How is 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid synthesized?

3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid can be synthesized through several methods.Dimethylacrylic Acid can be synthesized in several ways. One common approach is via the reaction of isobutyraldehyde with malonic acid in the presence of a base.One common method is to react isobutyraldehyde and malonic acid with a base.
In this synthesis, isobutyraldehyde serves as a key starting material.In this synthesis isobutyraldehyde is a key starting substance. Malonic acid is also an essential component.Malonic acid is another essential component. The reaction occurs in the presence of a base, which can be an organic base like pyridine or an inorganic base such as sodium acetate.The reaction takes place in the presence of an inorganic or organic base such as sodium-acetate. The base helps to initiate the reaction by deprotonating the malonic acid.The base initiates the reaction by deprotonating malonic acid.

The deprotonated malonic acid then reacts with isobutyraldehyde in a condensation reaction.In a condensation reaction, the deprotonated acid reacts with the isobutyraldehyde. This reaction involves the formation of a new carbon - carbon bond.This reaction involves the creation of a new Carbon-Carbon bond. During the process, a molecule of carbon dioxide is lost.During the reaction, a carbon dioxide molecule is lost. The overall reaction can be described as a Knoevenagel condensation reaction.The overall reaction is called a Knoevenagel condensing reaction.

Another method for synthesizing 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid could potentially involve the oxidation of 3,3 - dimethylallyl alcohol.The oxidation 3,3-dimethylallyl alcohol could be used as a method to synthesize 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid. Oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate or chromic acid can be used for this purpose.This can be achieved by using oxidizing agents like potassium permanganate and chromic acid. However, these oxidizing agents need to be carefully controlled as over - oxidation may lead to the formation of by - products.These oxidizing agents must be controlled carefully as an over-oxidation can lead to by-products. For instance, if using potassium permanganate, the reaction conditions like temperature, concentration of the reactants, and the rate of addition of the oxidizing agent are crucial.When using potassium permanganate for example, the temperature, concentration of reactants, and rate of addition of oxidizing agents are all crucial. At a suitable temperature, usually around room temperature or slightly elevated, the alcohol group in 3,3 - dimethylallyl alcohol is oxidized to a carboxylic acid group, resulting in the formation of 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid.At a suitable temperature (usually around room temperature or slightly higher), the alcohol group of 3,3-dimethylallyl alcohol can be oxidized into a carboxylic group, leading to the formation 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid.

The synthesized 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid can then be purified.Purification is possible after the 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid has been synthesized. Purification methods may include distillation, recrystallization, or column chromatography.Purification methods include distillation or recrystallization. Distillation can be effective if the boiling point of 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid is significantly different from that of the reaction by - products.Distillation is effective if 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acids boiling point is different from the reaction by-products. Recrystallization can be used if the acid can be dissolved in a suitable solvent and then crystallized out under proper conditions.Recrystallization is possible if the acid dissolves in a suitable solvent, and then crystallizes under the right conditions. Column chromatography can separate the acid from other components based on their different affinities for the stationary phase.The column chromatography method can separate acid from other components according to their affinity for the stationary phase. These purification steps are important to obtain pure 3,3 - dimethylacrylic acid for various applications, such as in the synthesis of polymers or as a building block in organic synthesis.Purification is important for obtaining pure 3,3-dimethylacrylic acid, which can be used in various applications such as the synthesis or polymers and organic synthesis.

What are the safety precautions for handling 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid?

3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid is a chemical compound.Dimethylacrylic Acid is a chemical compound. When handling it, the following safety precautions should be taken.Safety precautions are necessary when handling this chemical compound.
First, in terms of personal protective equipment.Personal protective equipment is the first thing to consider. Wear appropriate chemical - resistant gloves.Wear gloves that are resistant to chemicals. Nitrile gloves are often a good choice as they can provide a certain degree of protection against the contact of 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid with the skin.Nitrile gloves can offer a degree of protection from 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid contact with the skin. Skin contact can cause irritation, including redness, itching, and potential burns.Contact with the skin can cause irritation including redness, itchiness, and possible burns. In addition, wear safety goggles to protect the eyes.Wear safety goggles as well to protect your eyes. If the acid splashes into the eyes, it can lead to serious eye damage, such as corneal burns and vision impairment.If the acid splashes in the eyes, serious eye damage can occur, including corneal burns and loss of vision. A lab coat or other protective clothing should be worn to prevent the acid from getting on regular clothes and potentially coming into contact with the body.Wearing a lab coat or other protective clothing will prevent the acid from contacting the body.

Second, ensure proper ventilation. Handle 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid in a well - ventilated area, preferably under a fume hood.Handle 3,3-Dimethylacrylic Acid in a well-ventilated area, preferably beneath a fume hood. This compound may give off vapors, and inhaling these vapors can irritate the respiratory tract, causing symptoms like coughing, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, it may affect lung function.Inhaling the vapors from this compound can cause respiratory irritation, which can lead to symptoms such as coughing, shortness or breath, and, in severe cases, lung damage. The fume hood can effectively remove the vapors from the breathing zone, reducing the risk of inhalation exposure.The fume hood will effectively remove the vapors, reducing the chance of inhalation.

Third, when storing 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid, keep it in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition.Third, store 3,3-Dimethylacrylic Acid in a dry, cool place, away from ignition sources. Although it is not highly flammable, like many organic compounds, it can still pose a fire risk under certain conditions.It is not as flammable as many organic compounds but it can still be a fire hazard under certain conditions. Store it in a container made of a suitable material that is resistant to corrosion by the acid.Store it in a container that is resistant to corrosion caused by the acid. For example, some plastics and glass containers are commonly used, but make sure they are compatible with 3,3 - Dimethylacrylic acid.Some plastics and glasses are commonly used but ensure that they are compatible with the 3,3-Dimethylacrylic acid.

Fourth, in case of accidental spills.Fourth, in the event of an accidental spill. If a spill occurs, immediately evacuate the non - essential personnel from the area.If a spill happens, evacuate all non-essential personnel from the area immediately. Wear appropriate protective gear as mentioned above.Wear the appropriate protective gear, as described above. Use absorbent materials such as sand or vermiculite to cover the spill and prevent the spread of the acid.Cover the spill with absorbent materials like sand or Vermiculite. This will prevent the spread of acid. Then, carefully collect the contaminated absorbent and dispose of it according to local environmental regulations.Then, carefully remove the contaminated absorbent from the spill and dispose of it in accordance with local environmental regulations. Thoroughly clean the spill area with water and a suitable neutralizing agent if necessary to remove any remaining acid residues.To remove any acid residues, thoroughly clean the spill area using water and a neutralizing agent.

Finally, be familiar with the first - aid procedures.Be familiar with the first-aid procedures. In case of skin contact, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and then seek medical attention.If you have skin contact, rinse the area thoroughly with water for at least fifteen minutes. Then seek medical attention. For eye contact, flush the eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes while keeping the eyelids open, and then consult a doctor promptly.If you have eye contact, rinse the eyes for at least 15 mins with plenty of water while keeping your eyelids wide open. Then, consult a doctor immediately. If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.If inhaled move the person to fresh air as soon as possible. If the person is not breathing, perform CPR if trained to do so and call for emergency medical help.If the person does not breathe, perform CPR on them if you are trained to do so. Call for emergency medical assistance.