What is the chemical structure of 3-(4-bromophenyl)acrylic acid?

3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid is an organic compound with the following chemical structure features.3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) is an organic compound that has the following chemical features.
The molecule consists of an acrylic acid moiety, which is a three - carbon chain with a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH) at one end and a carbon - carbon double bond.The molecule is composed of an acrylic acid moiety. This is a three-carbon chain with a carboxylic group (-COOH), at one end, and a double carbon-carbon bond. The general formula of acrylic acid is CH2=CH - COOH.The general formula for acrylic acid is CH2=CH-COOH.

Attached to the third carbon of the acrylic acid chain is a phenyl ring.A phenyl chain is attached to the third carbon in the acrylic acid ring. A phenyl ring is a six - membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring with alternating single and double bonds, having the formula C6H5.A phenyl is a six-membered aromatic hydrocarbon chain with alternate single and double bonds. It has the formula C6H5. In this case, at the 4 - position of the phenyl ring (counting from the carbon attached to the acrylic acid chain), a bromine atom (Br) is substituted.In this case, a bromine (Br) atom is substituted at the 4 th position of the phenyl chain (counting the carbon attached to acrylic acid chain).

So, starting from one end of the molecule, we have the carboxylic acid group (-COOH).Starting from the one end of the molecule we have the carboxylic group (-COOH). The carbon of the carboxylic acid is attached to a carbon in the acrylic acid chain that is part of the double bond (C = C).The carbon of the carboxylic acids is attached to the carbon in the chain of acrylic acid that is part the double bond (C=C). The other carbon of the double bond is connected to the carbon that links to the phenyl ring.The other carbon in the double bond is attached to the carbon which links to the phenyl chain. The phenyl ring, with its six - membered planar structure, has the bromine atom bonded to the carbon in the 4 - position relative to the point of attachment to the acrylic acid chain.The bromine atom is bonded to carbon in the 4th position relative to the point where the acrylic acid chain attaches to the six-membered planar phenyl structure.

In terms of the overall molecular formula, based on the described structure, it can be written as C9H7BrO2.The overall molecular structure can be written C9H7BrO2 based on its described structure. The carbon atoms in the phenyl ring contribute six carbons, the acrylic acid chain contributes three carbons, the bromine atom is Br, and the carboxylic acid group contains two oxygen atoms and a hydrogen atom in addition to the carbon.The phenyl ring contains six carbon atoms. The acrylic acid chain has three carbon atoms. The bromine atom Br is present. In addition to the carbon, the carboxylic group also contains two oxygen atoms as well as a hydrogen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed around the carbon atoms to satisfy their valency requirements.The hydrogen atoms must be distributed around the carbon to meet their valency requirements. For example, the carbon atoms in the phenyl ring have hydrogen atoms attached to them, except for the carbon where the bromine is attached and the carbon where it is linked to the acrylic acid chain.The carbon atoms of the phenyl rings, for example, have hydrogen atoms attached, except where the bromine atom is attached and where the carbon is linked to the chain of acrylic acid. The carbon atoms in the acrylic acid chain also have appropriate hydrogen atoms bonded to them to complete their tetravalent nature.To complete the tetravalent character of the acrylic acid chain, hydrogen atoms are also bonded to each carbon atom. Overall, this chemical structure gives 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid its unique chemical and physical properties, which can be involved in various chemical reactions due to the presence of the reactive carboxylic acid group, the unsaturated double bond, and the aromatic phenyl ring with a halogen substitution.This chemical structure gives 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) its unique chemical and physicochemical properties. It can be involved in a variety of chemical reactions because it contains the carboxylic acid, the unsaturated bond, and aromatic phenyl with a halogen substitute.

What are the applications of 3-(4-bromophenyl)acrylic acid?

3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid is a compound with several important applications.3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) is a compound that has many important applications.
In the field of organic synthesis, it serves as a valuable building block.It is a useful building block in organic synthesis. Its double bond and bromine - substituted phenyl group provide reactive sites for a variety of chemical reactions.Its double bonds and bromine-substituted phenyl groups provide reactive sites for various chemical reactions. For example, the double bond can undergo addition reactions.The double bond, for example, can undergo addition reactions. It can react with various reagents like halogens, hydrogen halides, or water in the presence of appropriate catalysts.In the presence of catalysts, it can react with halogens or hydrogen halides as well as water. This allows chemists to introduce different functional groups, which are crucial for the synthesis of more complex organic molecules.This allows chemists introduce different functional groups that are crucial for the synthesis more complex organic molecules. The bromine atom on the phenyl ring can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions.The bromine on the phenyl rings can participate in nucleophilic replacement reactions. By reacting with nucleophiles such as amines, alcohols, or thiols, new carbon - heteroatom bonds can be formed, enabling the construction of diverse organic structures.By reacting with nucleophiles like amines or alcohols, new heteroatom-carbon bonds can be created, allowing the construction of various organic structures.

In the pharmaceutical industry, derivatives of 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid may have potential biological activities.In the pharmaceutical industry derivatives of 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) may have biological activities. Some compounds with a similar structure have been found to exhibit anti - inflammatory, antibacterial, or antifungal properties.Some compounds with similar structures have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial or antifungal effects. Scientists can modify the structure of this acid through chemical reactions to optimize its biological activity and pharmacokinetic properties.Scientists can modify this acid's structure through chemical reactions in order to optimize its biological properties and pharmacokinetics. For instance, by adding specific functional groups to the phenyl ring or modifying the double bond, they can enhance the compound's ability to interact with biological targets, such as enzymes or receptors in the body.By adding functional groups to phenyl rings or by modifying the double bonds, scientists can improve the compound's interaction with biological targets such as enzymes and receptors. This can lead to the development of new drugs for treating various diseases.This can lead to new drugs that treat various diseases.

The compound also has applications in the preparation of polymers.The compound can also be used to prepare polymers. The double bond in 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid can be polymerized, either alone or in combination with other monomers.The double bond in 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) can be polymerized either alone or with other monomers. When polymerized, it can introduce the brominated phenyl moiety into the polymer backbone.It can introduce brominated phenyl into the polymer's backbone when polymerized. Polymers containing such units may have unique properties.These polymers may have unique properties. For example, the bromine atoms can enhance the polymer's flame - retardant properties.The bromine atoms, for example, can enhance the polymer’s flame retardant properties. The phenyl group can contribute to the polymer's mechanical strength and thermal stability.The phenyl group contributes to the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the polymer. These polymers can be used in applications where flame resistance and good mechanical properties are required, such as in the manufacturing of electrical insulation materials or automotive components.These polymers are suitable for applications that require flame resistance and mechanical properties, such as the manufacture of automotive components or electrical insulation materials.

In materials science, 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid can be used to functionalize surfaces.In materials science, 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) can be used to functionalize surface. Its reactive groups can be used to attach it to different substrates, such as metals, ceramics, or polymers.Its reactive groups are useful for attaching it to different substrates such as metals or ceramics. This surface functionalization can modify the surface properties of the substrate.Surface functionalization can be used to modify the surface properties. For example, it can improve the substrate's wettability, adhesion, or chemical reactivity.It can, for example, improve the substrate's wettability or chemical reactivity. This is useful in applications like coating technology, where modifying the surface of a material can enhance its performance, durability, and compatibility with other materials.This is useful for applications such as coating technology, in which modifying the surface can enhance a material's performance, durability, or compatibility with other substances.

How is 3-(4-bromophenyl)acrylic acid synthesized?

3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid can be synthesized through the following general approach.The following general approach can be used to synthesize 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid).
One common method is based on the Knoevenagel condensation reaction.Knoevenagel condensation is a common method. The starting materials typically involve 4 - bromobenzaldehyde and malonic acid.The starting materials are usually 4 - bromobenzaldehyde, and malonic acid.

In the reaction, 4 - bromobenzaldehyde contains the aldehyde functional group which is reactive towards the active methylene group of malonic acid.In the reaction, bromobenzaldehyde 4 contains an aldehyde group that is reactive with the active methylene groups of malonic acid. The reaction is usually carried out in the presence of a base catalyst.The reaction is carried out with a base catalyst. Pyridine is a commonly used base in this type of reaction.This type of reaction is commonly carried out in the presence of pyridine.

The base first deprotonates the malonic acid, generating a resonance - stabilized enolate anion.The base deprotonates malonic acid first, generating a resonance-stabilized enolate anion. This anion then attacks the carbonyl carbon of 4 - bromobenzaldehyde.This anion attacks the carbonyl atom of 4 -bromobenzaldehyde. A series of subsequent proton transfer and dehydration steps occur.Then, a series of proton transfer steps and dehydration occurs. The dehydration step is crucial as it leads to the formation of the carbon - carbon double bond, characteristic of the acrylic acid moiety.The dehydration process is critical as it leads to formation of the double carbon-carbon bond characteristic of the acrylic moiety.

The reaction mixture is usually heated to an appropriate temperature, typically around 100 - 150 degC, to facilitate the reaction progress.To facilitate the reaction, the reaction mixture is heated to a temperature that is suitable, usually between 100 and 150 degC. The heating helps in overcoming the activation energy barrier for the various reaction steps such as the nucleophilic addition and dehydration.The heating helps to overcome the activation barrier for various reaction steps, such as nucleophilic add-on and dehydration.

After the reaction is complete, the mixture is cooled.After the reaction has been completed, the mixture must be cooled. The product, 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid, can be isolated through a series of purification steps.Through a series purification steps, the product, 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid), can be isolated. First, the reaction mixture may be poured into water to quench any remaining reactive species.The reaction mixture can be poured in water to remove any reactive species. Then, an acid - base extraction can be carried out.Then, you can perform an acid-base extraction. Since 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid is an acid, it can be extracted into an organic solvent after acidifying the aqueous layer.After acidifying the aqueous phase, 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic) acid can be extracted in an organic solvent. The organic layer is then washed, dried over an anhydrous salt like magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate to remove any remaining water.The organic layer is washed and dried over anhydrous salts like magnesium sulfate, or sodium sulfate in order to remove any remaining moisture. Finally, the solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product.The solvent is then evaporated under reduced pressurized to obtain the crude product. Further purification can be achieved by recrystallization from a suitable solvent system, such as a mixture of ethanol and water, to obtain pure 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid.Recrystallization of a suitable solvent, such as a mix of ethanol and distilled water, can be used to purify the 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) further.

Another possible synthetic route could involve the use of Heck reaction.Heck reaction is another possible route. However, this usually requires more complex reaction conditions and reagents compared to the Knoevenagel condensation.This reaction usually requires more complex conditions and reagents than the Knoevenagel condensate. The Heck reaction might start with a suitable vinyl - halide or vinyl - triflate and 4 - bromophenyl - containing organometallic reagent in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base.The Heck reaction may begin with a vinyl-halide or vinyl-triflate, and an organometallic reagent containing 4 - bromophenyl in the presence a palladium catalyst and a base. But the Knoevenagel condensation remains a more straightforward and commonly used method for the synthesis of 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid due to its relatively simple starting materials and reaction conditions.Knoevenagel condensation is a simpler and more common method to synthesize 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) due to its relatively easy starting materials and reaction conditions.

What are the physical properties of 3-(4-bromophenyl)acrylic acid?

3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid is an organic compound with distinct physical properties.3-(4-bromophenyl )acrylic acid has distinct physical properties.
Appearance
It typically exists as a solid.It is usually a solid. The solid form may appear as fine crystals or a powder.The solid form can be fine crystals or powder. The color of 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid is often white or off - white.The color of 3-(4-bromophenyl-acrylic acid) is usually white or off-white. This characteristic color is due to its molecular structure and the absence of highly conjugated systems that would otherwise absorb visible light and impart a more intense color.This characteristic color is a result of its molecular composition and the lack of highly conjugated systems which would otherwise absorb visible and impart a stronger color.

Melting Point
The melting point of 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid is an important physical property.The melting point of 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) is an important property. It has a melting point in the range of around 210 - 215 degC.It has a melt point between 210 and 215 degrees Celsius. This relatively high melting point can be attributed to several factors.This relatively high melting temperature can be attributed by several factors. The presence of the bromine atom in the phenyl ring increases the intermolecular forces.The presence of bromine in the phenyl rings increases intermolecular forces. Bromine is a large and polarizable atom, which can contribute to London dispersion forces.Bromine is an atom that is large and polarizable, which can contribute towards London dispersion forces. Additionally, the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) can participate in hydrogen bonding.The carboxylic acid group can also participate in hydrogen bonds. Both the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and the enhanced dispersion forces require a significant amount of energy to break, thus resulting in a relatively high melting point.The intermolecular hydrogen bond and the enhanced dispersion force require a large amount of energy to be broken, resulting in a high melting point.

Solubility
In terms of solubility, 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid shows limited solubility in water.In terms of solubility, 3- (4- bromophenylacrylic acid) shows a limited solubility in the water. The hydrophobic nature of the phenyl ring, especially with the bromine substitution, reduces its affinity for the polar water molecules.The hydrophobic nature, especially when bromine is substituted, reduces the affinity of the phenyl rings for polar water molecules. However, it has better solubility in organic solvents.It is more soluble in organic solvents. For example, it is soluble in polar organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N - dimethylformamide (DMF), and methanol to some extent.It is soluble to a certain extent in polar organics like N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and methanol. In DMSO and DMF, the polar nature of these solvents can interact with the polar groups in 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid, such as the carboxylic acid group, through dipole - dipole interactions.Through dipole-dipole interactions, the polar nature in DMSO and DMF can interact with polar groups such as the carboxylic acids of 3-(4 – bromophenyl-acrylic acid). In methanol, hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid group of the compound and the hydroxyl group of methanol also contributes to its solubility.In methanol hydrogen bonds between the carboxylic group of the compound, and the hydroxyl groups of methanol contribute to its solubility. Non - polar organic solvents like hexane would have very low solubility for this compound due to the large difference in polarity.Due to the large polar difference, non-polar organic solvents such as hexane will have a very low solubility.

Density
The density of 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid is related to its molecular mass and the packing of its molecules in the solid state.The density of 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) is related to the molecular weight and the packing of the molecules in the solid. Given its molecular formula and the presence of the bromine atom, which has a relatively high atomic mass, it has a relatively high density compared to some common organic compounds.Its molecular formula, and the presence the bromine atom which has a high atomic weight, gives it a higher density than some organic compounds. The exact density value would depend on factors such as the purity of the sample and the crystal structure, but generally, it is denser than water.The exact density will depend on the purity of the sample, the crystal structure and other factors, but it is generally denser than normal water. This is because the mass of the molecule, with the heavy bromine atom, is concentrated in a relatively small volume when in the solid state.The reason for this is that the bromine atom and the mass of the molecule are concentrated in a small volume in the solid state.

What are the safety precautions when handling 3-(4-bromophenyl)acrylic acid?

When handling 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid, several safety precautions should be taken.Safety precautions are necessary when handling 3-(4-bromophenyl).acrylic acid.
First, in terms of personal protective equipment.Personal protective equipment is the first thing to consider. Wear appropriate protective clothing, such as long - sleeved lab coats.Wear protective clothing such as lab coats with long sleeves. This helps to prevent direct contact of the chemical with the skin.This will help to prevent the chemical from coming into direct contact with your skin. The fabric of the lab coat should be able to resist penetration by the chemical to a certain extent.The fabric of the lab jacket should be able resist chemical penetration to a certain degree. Additionally, use gloves.Use gloves as well. Chemical - resistant gloves, like nitrile gloves, are recommended.Gloves that are resistant to chemicals, such as nitrile, are recommended. They can effectively block the acid from coming into contact with the hands, which are highly likely to be exposed during handling processes.They can effectively prevent the acid from contacting the hands which are likely to be exposed when handling processes. However, it is important to regularly check the integrity of the gloves for any signs of damage or leakage.It is important to check the integrity of gloves regularly for signs of damage or leaking.

For eye protection, safety goggles or a face shield should be worn.Safety goggles or face shields are recommended for eye protection. 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid can cause eye irritation or even more serious damage if it splashes into the eyes.If 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic) acid splashes in the eyes, it can cause irritation or even serious damage. Goggles provide a physical barrier to prevent any accidental splashes from reaching the eyes.Goggles act as a physical barrier, preventing any accidental splashes reaching the eyes. A face shield offers more comprehensive protection in case of larger - scale splashes.A face shield provides more comprehensive protection against larger-scale splashes.

In the handling environment, ensure good ventilation.Assure good ventilation in the handling environment. This acid may release fumes, and proper ventilation helps to remove these fumes from the working area.Proper ventilation is necessary to remove fumes that may be released by the acid. Working in a fume hood is ideal.It is best to work in a fume-hood. The fume hood can capture and exhaust any potentially harmful vapors generated during the handling process, reducing the risk of inhalation.The fume hood will capture and exhaust any potentially hazardous vapors that are generated during the handling procedure, reducing the risk for inhalation. If a fume hood is not available, make sure the general laboratory ventilation system is working efficiently.If a fume-hood is not available, ensure that the laboratory ventilation system is functioning properly.

When storing 3-(4 - bromophenyl)acrylic acid, keep it in a cool, dry place.Store 3-(4-bromophenylacrylic acid) in a cool and dry place. Heat and moisture can potentially affect the stability of the chemical.Heat and moisture could affect the chemical's stability. Store it in a properly labeled container to avoid confusion with other substances.Store it in a container that is clearly labeled to avoid confusion. The label should clearly indicate the name of the chemical, its hazards, and any specific handling instructions.The label should clearly state the name of the substance, its hazards and any specific instructions for handling.

In case of accidental contact, if it gets on the skin, immediately wash the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.If it accidentally gets on your skin, wash the area immediately with plenty of water and for at least 15 min. This helps to dilute and remove the acid from the skin surface.This will help to dilute the acid and remove it from the skin's surface. If it splashes into the eyes, flush the eyes with copious amounts of water for an extended period, and seek immediate medical attention.If it splashes in the eyes, rinse the eyes for a long time with copious amounts water and seek immediate medical help. If inhaled, move to an area with fresh air and get medical help if symptoms such as coughing or difficulty breathing occur.If you inhale it, get medical attention if symptoms like coughing or difficulty breathing appear. If ingested, do not induce vomiting unless specifically directed by a medical professional, and seek immediate medical assistance.If you ingest the substance, do not induce vomiting, unless directed to by a doctor. Seek immediate medical attention.