What are the applications of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-acrylic acid?

3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)acrylic acid has several important applications.
In the field of organic synthesis, it serves as a valuable building block.It is a useful building block in organic synthesis. Its structure contains a reactive double bond and a carboxylic acid group.Its structure consists of a double bond that is reactive and a carboxylic group. The double bond can participate in various addition reactions, such as Diels - Alder reactions.The double bond is capable of participating in different addition reactions such as Diels-Alder reactions. This allows chemists to create more complex cyclic structures.This allows chemists create more complex cyclic structure. The carboxylic acid group can be further modified.The carboxylic group can be modified further. It can be converted into esters through esterification reactions with alcohols.It can be converted to esters by esterification reactions. These esters can then be used in the synthesis of fragrances and flavors.These esters are then used to synthesize fragrances and flavors. For example, certain esters derived from 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid may have pleasant scents and can be incorporated into perfumes or food flavorings.Some esters derived by 3-(4-fluoro-phenyl-phenyl-acrylic acid) may have pleasant smells and can be used in perfumes or food flavors.

In the pharmaceutical industry, this compound can potentially contribute to drug development.This compound could potentially contribute to the development of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. The fluorine atom in its structure can have a significant impact on the biological activity of molecules.The fluorine in its structure has a significant effect on the biological activity. Fluorine is known to enhance lipophilicity, which can improve a drug's ability to cross cell membranes.Fluorine can enhance lipophilicity which can help a drug cross cell membranes. Compounds containing 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid can be designed and synthesized to target specific biological receptors or enzymes.Compounds containing 3- (4 - Fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid) can be synthesized and designed to target specific enzymes or biological receptors. For instance, they might be used to develop new anti - inflammatory drugs.They could be used, for example, to develop new anti-inflammatory drugs. The carboxylic acid group can be involved in forming hydrogen bonds with target proteins, while the fluorophenyl group can help in proper positioning within the active site of the enzyme or receptor.The carboxylic group can be used to form hydrogen bonds with the target proteins while the fluorophenyl can help in the proper positioning of the enzyme or receptor's active site.

It also has applications in materials science.It is also used in materials science. When polymerized, 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid can introduce unique properties to polymers.When polymerized 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid) can give polymers unique properties. The fluorinated phenyl group can enhance the polymer's resistance to chemicals and improve its thermal stability.The fluorinated group can improve the polymer's thermal stability and resistance to chemicals. These polymers can be used in coatings, for example.These polymers are used in coatings. Coatings made from such polymers can provide better protection against environmental factors like moisture and chemical corrosion on various surfaces, including metals and plastics.Coatings made of such polymers provide better protection from environmental factors, like moisture and chemical corrosiveness on metals and plastics. Additionally, the double bond in the structure can be used for cross - linking reactions during polymerization, which can increase the mechanical strength of the resulting polymer materials.The double bond can also be used to cross-link reactions during polymerization. This can increase the mechanical strengths of the polymer materials. This makes them suitable for applications where durability is crucial, such as in the manufacturing of automotive parts or industrial equipment components.This makes them ideal for applications that require durability, such as the manufacture of automotive parts or industrial components.

What is the synthesis method of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-acrylic acid?

Here is a common synthesis method for 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid:Here is a common method of synthesis for 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-)acrylic acid.
1. Starting materials preparationStart materials preparation
The synthesis often starts with 4 - fluorobenzaldehyde and a suitable reagent for the formation of the acrylic acid moiety.The synthesis usually begins with 4 -fluorobenzaldehyde, and a suitable reagent to form the acrylic acid moiety. One typical approach involves using malonic acid as the source of the carboxyl - containing chain.Malonic acid is a common source of carboxyl-containing chains.

2. Knoevenagel condensation
The reaction between 4 - fluorobenzaldehyde and malonic acid is usually carried out in the presence of a base catalyst.The reaction between malonic acid and 4 -fluorobenzaldehyde is usually carried out with the help of a catalyst. Pyridine is a commonly used base for this reaction.Pyridine is commonly used as a base in this reaction. The reaction mixture is heated, typically in a reflux setup.The reaction mixture is heated in a typical reflux setup. During the Knoevenagel condensation, the carbonyl group of 4 - fluorobenzaldehyde reacts with the acidic hydrogens of malonic acid.During the Knoevenagel condensing, the carbonyl group from 4 -fluorobenzaldehyde is reacting with the acidic hydrogens in malonic acid. The base deprotonates the malonic acid, generating a carbanion.The base deprotonates malonic acid to produce a carbanion. This carbanion then attacks the carbonyl carbon of 4 - fluorobenzaldehyde.This carbanion attacks the carbonyl of 4 -fluorobenzaldehyde. Subsequently, a series of proton - transfer and elimination steps occur.Then, a series proton-transfer and elimination steps take place. The elimination of water leads to the formation of 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid.The elimination of water results in the formation of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid). The general reaction equation can be written as: 4 - fluorobenzaldehyde + malonic acid - 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid + CO2 + H2O.The general equation for the reaction can be written: 4 – fluorobenzaldehyde - malonic acid – 3-(4 – Fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid) + CO2 +H2O. The carbon dioxide is evolved as a by - product due to the decarboxylation of the intermediate formed from malonic acid.Carbon dioxide is emitted as a by-product due to the decarboxylation the intermediate formed from the malonic acid.

3. Isolation and purificationIsolation and purification
After the reaction is complete, the reaction mixture is usually cooled.The reaction mixture is cooled after the reaction has been completed. The product can be isolated by acidifying the reaction mixture if the reaction was carried out in a basic medium.If the reaction was conducted in a basic medium, the product can be isolated through acidifying the reaction mix. This causes the 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid to precipitate out.This precipitates the 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid). Filtration can be used to collect the solid product.Filtration is a good way to collect the solid products. Further purification can be achieved by recrystallization.Recrystallization can be used to achieve further purification. Suitable solvents for recrystallization include ethanol - water mixtures.Recrystallization can be achieved using ethanol-water mixtures. The impure product is dissolved in a minimum amount of hot solvent, and then upon slow cooling, pure 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid crystals form, which can be separated by filtration again.After a small amount of hot solvent is added, the impure product dissolves. The crystals of 3-(4-fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid) are then formed. They can be separated again by filtration. This process helps to remove any unreacted starting materials, by - products, or catalyst residues, resulting in a relatively pure sample of 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid.This helps remove any unreacted materials, by-products, or catalyst residues. The result is a relatively pure sample.

What are the physical and chemical properties of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-acrylic acid?

Physical properties of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl) - acrylic acidPhysical properties of 3-(4 Fluoro-phenyl ) - Acrylic acid
Appearance: It is likely to be a solid at room temperature.Appearance: This substance is likely to be solid at room temperatures. Many aromatic carboxylic acids with similar structures are solids due to the presence of strong intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid groups and van der Waals forces contributed by the aromatic ring and fluorine - containing group.Many aromatic carboxylics with similar structures are solids because of the strong intermolecular force, such as hydrogen bonds between the carboxylic groups and van der waals forces from the aromatic ring and the fluorine-containing group.

Melting point: The melting point is an important physical property.Melting point: The melting temperature is an important property. The presence of the fluorine atom in the para - position of the phenyl ring can affect the packing of molecules in the solid state.The presence of fluorine in the para-position of the phenyl rings can affect the packing in solid state. Fluorine is an electronegative atom, and its substitution can lead to changes in the intermolecular interactions.Fluorine, an electronegative element, can change the intermolecular interaction. Generally, the melting point of this compound will be influenced by the balance between the planar nature of the aromatic ring, the hydrogen - bonding ability of the carboxylic acid group, and the electronic effects of the fluorine atom.The melting point will be affected by the balance of the aromatic ring's planarity, the hydrogen-bonding ability of carboxylic acid groups, and the electronic effects on the fluorine atom. Precise determination of the melting point requires experimental measurement, but we can expect it to be in a range typical for similar aromatic carboxylic acids, perhaps in the range of 100 - 200 degC, considering the relatively small size of the molecule and the moderate influence of the fluorine substitution.The melting point of this compound can only be determined by experimental measurements. However, we can expect that it will fall within a range typical of similar aromatic carboxylic acid, perhaps between 100 and 200 degC.

Solubility: In terms of solubility, it has limited solubility in non - polar solvents such as hexane.It has a limited solubility when it comes to non-polar solvents like hexane. The carboxylic acid group is polar, while the fluorophenyl group has some non - polar characteristics.The carboxylic group is polar while the fluorophenyl has some non-polar characteristics. In polar solvents like water, its solubility is also restricted due to the relatively large non - polar fluorophenyl moiety.Its solubility in polar solvents such as water is also limited due to its relatively large non-polar fluorophenyl moiety. However, it is more soluble in polar organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).It is more soluble in polar solvents like ethanol, methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide. These solvents can interact with both the polar carboxylic acid group through hydrogen bonding and the non - polar fluorophenyl group through van der Waals forces.These solvents can interact both with the polar carboxylic group via hydrogen bonding, and the non-polar fluorophenyl groups through van der Waals force.

Chemical properties of 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl) - acrylic acidChemical properties of 3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-acryl acid

Acidity: As a carboxylic acid, 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl) - acrylic acid is acidic.Acidity: 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-)-acrylic acid is acidic as a carboxylic. The carboxylic acid group (-COOH) can donate a proton in an aqueous solution or in the presence of a base.The carboxylic group (-COOH), can donate a proton in an aqueous or base solution. The acidity is influenced by the fluorine - substituted phenyl group.The fluorine-substituted phenyl groups influence the acidity. The fluorine atom, being electronegative, has an electron - withdrawing inductive effect.The fluorine atom is electronegative and has an inductive effect that removes electrons. This electron - withdrawing effect stabilizes the carboxylate anion formed after the loss of a proton, making the acid more acidic compared to unsubstituted acrylic acid.This electron-withdrawing effect stabilizes carboxylate anion after loss of proton.

Reactivity of the double bond: The presence of the carbon - carbon double bond in the acrylic acid part of the molecule makes it reactive towards addition reactions.Double bond reactivity: The presence of a carbon-carbon double bond in the acrylic part of the molecule makes the molecule reactive to addition reactions. For example, it can undergo electrophilic addition reactions with reagents such as bromine (Br2), hydrogen halides (HX, where X = Cl, Br, I).It can undergo electrophilic reactions, for example, with reagents like bromine (Br2) and hydrogen halides. In these reactions, the double bond acts as a nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic species.In these reactions, double bonds act as nucleophiles, attacking electrophilic species. The fluorine - substituted phenyl group can also influence the regioselectivity of these addition reactions due to its electronic effects.Due to its electronic effects, the fluorine-substituted phenyl can also influence regioselectivity in these addition reactions.

Esterification: It can react with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst to form esters.Esterification: It reacts with alcohols when an acid catalyst is present to form esters. This is a common reaction for carboxylic acids.This is a very common reaction for carboxylic acid. The reaction mechanism involves the protonation of the carboxylic acid carbonyl oxygen, followed by nucleophilic attack of the alcohol on the carbonyl carbon, and subsequent elimination of water.The mechanism of this reaction involves protonation of carboxylic acid's carbonyl oxygen followed by nucleophilic attacks of alcohol on carbonyl carbon and the subsequent elimination of water. The fluorine - containing phenyl group may affect the rate of this reaction by influencing the electron density around the carboxylic acid group.The presence of fluorine in the phenyl group can affect the rate of the reaction by altering the electron density surrounding the carboxylic group.

What are the safety hazards of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-acrylic acid?

3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid may pose several safety hazards.There are several safety hazards associated with 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)acrylic Acid.
Firstly, in terms of health hazards, it may cause skin irritation.In terms of health hazards, the first thing that may happen is skin irritation. Contact with the skin can lead to redness, itching, and potentially more severe reactions in sensitive individuals.Contact with the skin may cause redness, itchiness, and even more severe reactions for sensitive individuals. Prolonged or repeated exposure might even result in dermatitis, which can be uncomfortable and may disrupt the normal function and appearance of the skin.Prolonged or repetitive exposure can lead to dermatitis. This can be uncomfortable and disrupt the normal appearance and function of the skin.

Secondly, it can be an eye irritant.Second, it can irritate the eyes. If it gets into the eyes, it can cause immediate pain, watering, and a burning sensation.If it gets in the eyes, it may cause immediate pain, watering and a burning feeling. In more serious cases, it could potentially damage the cornea and other eye tissues, which may have long - term impacts on vision.In more severe cases, it can damage the cornea or other eye tissues. This could have long-term effects on vision.

When inhaled, 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid may irritate the respiratory tract.Inhaled 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid) can irritate the respiratory system. This can lead to coughing, shortness of breath, and irritation of the lungs.This can cause coughing, shortness in breath, and irritation to the lungs. Repeated or high - level inhalation exposure may increase the risk of developing respiratory problems such as bronchitis or other more serious lung disorders.Inhalation of high levels or repeated exposure can increase the risk for respiratory disorders such as bronchitis and other more serious lung diseases.

From an environmental perspective, if it is released into the environment, it may have an impact on aquatic life.If released into the environment it could have an impact on aquatic animals. It could potentially be toxic to fish, invertebrates, and other organisms in water bodies.It could be toxic to fish and other organisms living in water bodies. The fluorine atom in its structure may also contribute to its persistence and potential bioaccumulation in the environment, which could have cascading effects on the food chain.The fluorine in its structure could also contribute to its bioaccumulation and persistence in the environment. This could have cascading impacts on the food chain.

In addition, 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid may pose a fire hazard.The 3-(4-fluoro-phenyl-phenyl-acrylic acid) may also pose a fire risk. While specific flammability details would depend on factors like its physical state and concentration, many organic acids can be combustible under certain conditions, such as in the presence of an ignition source and in an oxygen - rich environment.Many organic acids are flammable under certain conditions. For example, in the presence an ignition source or in an oxygen-rich environment. This means that in a workplace or storage area where it is present, there is a risk of fire if proper safety precautions are not taken.If you do not take the necessary safety precautions, there is a fire risk in any workplace or storage area that contains organic acids.

Overall, when handling 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid, appropriate safety measures such as wearing personal protective equipment (including gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection if necessary), proper storage, and careful handling procedures should be followed to minimize these safety hazards.To minimize the safety hazards, it is important to use appropriate safety measures when handling 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-phenyl-acrylic acid). These include wearing protective equipment, such as gloves, safety goggles and respiratory protection, if needed.

What is the market price of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-acrylic acid?

The market price of 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)acrylic acid can vary significantly depending on several factors.
Firstly, the purity of the compound plays a major role.The purity of the compound is a key factor. Higher purity levels generally command a higher price.Purity levels that are higher will generally be more expensive. For research - grade 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid with a purity of, say, 98% or above, it may be more expensive compared to industrial - grade with a slightly lower purity.Research - grade 3-(4-Fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid) with a purity level of 98% or higher may be more costly than industrial - grades with a slightly lower purity. A high - purity product is often required in pharmaceutical research and development, where strict quality control is essential.In pharmaceutical research and development where quality control is crucial, a high-purity product is often needed.

Secondly, the quantity purchased affects the price.Second, the quantity purchased will affect the price. In small quantities, perhaps in the range of a few grams, the price per gram can be relatively high.In small quantities (a few grams or less), the price per gram may be high. This is because the production, packaging, and handling costs are spread over a small amount of the substance.The reason for this is that the costs of production, packaging and handling are spread out over a small quantity of the substance. For example, if a researcher needs only 5 grams for a particular experiment, the supplier may charge a premium.If a researcher only needs 5 grams of a substance for an experiment, a supplier may charge more. However, when purchasing in bulk, such as kilograms or more, the unit price usually decreases significantly.When purchasing in bulk (such as kilograms) the unit price is usually significantly lower. Suppliers can benefit from economies of scale when producing and selling larger volumes.When producing and selling large volumes, suppliers can benefit from economies-of-scale.

The source of supply also impacts the price.The source of supply can also affect the price. Different regions may have different production costs due to variations in raw material availability, labor costs, and regulatory environments.The availability of raw materials, labor costs and regulatory environments can cause different production costs in different regions. For instance, if a chemical is produced in a region with easy access to fluorinated raw materials and lower production costs, it may be priced more competitively compared to products sourced from regions with higher production expenses.If a chemical is produced by a region that has easy access to raw materials fluorinated and lower production costs, then it could be more competitively priced than products sourced from other regions.

Moreover, market demand and competition among suppliers are crucial factors.The market demand and the competition between suppliers are also important factors. If there is a high demand for 3-(4 - Fluoro - phenyl)acrylic acid, perhaps due to increased research in a particular area of drug discovery where this compound is a key intermediate, prices may rise.Prices may increase if there is high demand for 3-(4-fluoro-phenyl-acrylic acid), perhaps due to increased drug discovery research where this compound is an important intermediate. On the other hand, if there are many suppliers in the market vying for customers, they may lower their prices to gain a larger market share.If there are a lot of suppliers on the market, they will lower their prices in order to gain more market share.

As of now, without specific market research data for a particular time and region, it's difficult to give an exact price.It's hard to give a price without market research data specific to a certain time and place. But generally, in the small - quantity research - grade market, it could range from tens to hundreds of dollars per gram.In general, the price per gram for small-quantity research-grade products could range between tens and hundreds of dollars. In the bulk industrial market, the price per kilogram could be in the range of several hundred to a few thousand dollars, depending on the factors mentioned above.The price per kilogram in the industrial bulk market could range from several hundred dollars to a few thousands of dollars, depending on factors such as those mentioned above. It's advisable for those interested in purchasing to obtain quotes from multiple chemical suppliers to get an accurate idea of the current market price.To get an accurate price, it's best to get quotes from several chemical suppliers.