What is the chemical structure of 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid?

3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid is an organic compound with a specific chemical structure.
The compound's structure is based on an acrylic acid backbone.The structure of the compound is based on acrylic acid. Acrylic acid has the formula CH2=CHCOOH, consisting of a vinyl group (CH2=CH -) attached to a carboxyl group (-COOH).Acrylic acid is a compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH. It consists of a vinyl group attached to a carboxyl (-COOH) group. In 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid, the "3 -" indicates that the substitution occurs at the third carbon of the acrylic acid chain.The "3 –" in 3-(4- Nitrophenyl-acrylic acid indicates that the substitution takes place at the third carbon.

The substituent is a 4 - nitrophenyl group.The substituent is the 4 -nitrophenyl group. A phenyl group is a six - membered aromatic ring of carbon atoms with the formula C6H5-.A phenyl ring is a six-membered aromatic ring with carbon atoms. It has the formula C6H5. In the 4 - nitrophenyl group, a nitro group (-NO2) is attached to the phenyl ring at the fourth position relative to the point of attachment to the acrylic acid chain.In the 4 -nitrophenyl groups, a nitro (-NO2) group is attached to phenyl at the fourth position relative the point of attachment with the acrylic acid chain.

So, in 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid, the 4 - nitrophenyl group is connected to the carbon atom of the vinyl part of the acrylic acid.In 3-(4-nitrophenyl-acrylic acid), the 4-nitrophenyl group connects to the carbon atom in the vinyl part of acrylic acid. The carbon - carbon double bond in the vinyl group gives the molecule some degree of reactivity, characteristic of alkenes.The double carbon-carbon bond in the vinyl group is what gives the molecule its reactivity. This is characteristic of alkenes. The carboxyl group at the other end can participate in acid - base reactions and form various derivatives such as esters, amides, etc.The carboxyl group on the other end is capable of participating in acid-base reactions and forming various derivatives like esters, amides etc.

The nitro group in the 4 - nitrophenyl part is a strong electron - withdrawing group.The nitro group is a strong electron-withdrawing group. This affects the electronic properties of the entire molecule.This has an effect on the electronic properties of the whole molecule. It can influence the reactivity of the double bond and the carboxyl group, for example, making the double bond more susceptible to nucleophilic addition reactions due to the electron - withdrawing effect that can polarize the double bond.It can affect the reactivity and polarization of the double bonds, as well as the carboxyl groups. The nitro group also has an impact on the acidity of the carboxyl group, making it more acidic compared to acrylic acid itself in some cases due to the resonance and inductive effects that help to stabilize the conjugate base formed when the carboxyl group donates a proton.The nitro group can also have an impact on the acidity level of the carboxyl groups. In some cases, it makes the carboxyl more acidic than acrylic acid due to resonance and inductive effects which help stabilize the conjugate bases formed when the carboxyl donates a pron. Overall, the combination of the acrylic acid moiety and the 4 - nitrophenyl group in 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid results in a molecule with unique chemical and physical properties that are of interest in various fields such as organic synthesis, materials science, and medicinal chemistry.The combination of the acrylic group and the 4 nitrophenyl groups in 3-(4-nitrophenyl-acrylic acid) results in a molecule that has unique chemical and physical characteristics. This molecule is of interest to various fields, such as organic synthesis and materials science.

What are the applications of 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid?

3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid has several applications in different fields.
In the area of organic synthesis, it serves as a valuable building block.It is a useful building block in organic synthesis. Its structure contains both a double bond and a carboxylic acid group, along with a nitro - substituted phenyl ring.Its structure contains a double-bond and a carboxylic group, as well as a nitro-substituted phenyl. The double bond can participate in various addition reactions.The double bond is involved in many addition reactions. For example, it can undergo Diels - Alder reactions, which are important for constructing cyclic compounds.It can, for example, undergo Diels-Alder reactions that are important in the construction of cyclic compounds. These reactions are useful in the synthesis of complex organic molecules, potentially for the creation of novel pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals.These reactions can be used to synthesize complex organic molecules and potentially create novel pharmaceuticals or agricultural chemicals. The carboxylic acid group can be transformed into different functional groups such as esters, amides, or anhydrides through standard organic chemistry techniques.Standard organic chemistry techniques can transform the carboxylic acid into other functional groups, such as esters or amides. This allows for the further modification and diversification of the molecule's structure to meet specific synthetic requirements.This allows the modification and diversification to the molecule's structural requirements.

In the pharmaceutical industry, 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid and its derivatives may have potential biological activities.3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic Acid and its derivatives could have biological activities in the pharmaceutical industry. The nitro group and the unsaturated carbon - carbon double bond in its structure can interact with biological targets.The nitro group in the structure and the unsaturated double carbon-carbon bond can interact with biological targets. Some derivatives might exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, or anti - inflammatory properties.Some derivatives may have antibacterial, antifungal or anti-inflammatory properties. Researchers can modify the molecule by adding different substituents to the phenyl ring or modifying the carboxylic acid functionality to optimize its biological activity.Researchers can modify a molecule to optimize its biological activity by adding different substitutes to the carboxylic ring or changing the carboxylic functionality. For instance, by conjugating it with other bioactive moieties, it may be possible to enhance its potency against specific diseases or improve its pharmacokinetic properties such as solubility and bioavailability.By conjugating the molecule with other bioactive molecules, it may be possible for it to have a greater potency against certain diseases or improve its bioavailability and solubility.

In the materials science field, 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid can be used in the preparation of certain polymers.In the field of materials science, 3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic acids can be used to prepare certain polymers. The double bond can be polymerized, either alone or in combination with other monomers, to form polymers with unique properties.Double bonds can be polymerized alone or in combination to create polymers with unique properties. The nitro - substituted phenyl groups in the polymer backbone can influence the polymer's optical, electrical, or thermal properties.The nitro-substituted phenyl groups can affect the polymer's thermal, electrical, and optical properties. For example, these polymers may show interesting optical absorption characteristics due to the presence of the nitro - phenyl moieties, which could potentially be used in applications such as optical sensors or in the development of new types of optoelectronic materials.These polymers, for example, may exhibit interesting optical absorption properties due to the presence nitro phenyl moiety, which could be used in applications like optical sensors or the development of new types optoelectronic material. Additionally, the carboxylic acid groups can be used for cross - linking reactions, which can enhance the mechanical strength and stability of the resulting polymers.The carboxylic acid groups are also useful for cross-linking reactions that can improve the mechanical strength and stability.

What are the physical and chemical properties of 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid?

3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid has the following physical and chemical properties:The following physical and chemical characteristics of 3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic acids are present:
Physical properties:Physical Properties

Appearance: It typically appears as a yellow - colored solid.Appearance: It is usually a solid yellow in color. The yellow color is often associated with the presence of the nitro group in the molecule.The yellow color of the molecule is often associated with its nitro group. The nitro group has strong electron - withdrawing properties, which can influence the absorption of light in the visible region, resulting in the characteristic yellow color.The nitro group is a strong electron-withdrawing group, which can affect the absorption of visible light, giving it the characteristic yellow colour.

Melting point: The melting point of 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid is around 203 - 205 degC.Melting point: 3-(4-nitrophenyl-acrylic acid) melts at 203-205 degrees Celsius. This relatively high melting point is due to the presence of strong intermolecular forces.This high melting point is a result of strong intermolecular interactions. The carboxylic acid group can form hydrogen bonds with neighboring molecules, and the planar structure of the phenyl ring also contributes to the close packing of molecules in the solid state, increasing the energy required to break the crystal lattice and transition to the liquid state.The carboxylic group can form hydrogen bond with neighboring molecules. The planar structure of phenyl rings also contributes to the tight packing of molecules in solid state. This increases the energy required to transition from the solid to liquid state.

Solubility: It has limited solubility in water.Solubility: It is only slightly soluble in water. The hydrophilic carboxylic acid group is somewhat counteracted by the large hydrophobic 4 - nitrophenyl group.The hydrophilic carboxylic group is somewhat offset by the large hydrophobic 4-nitrophenyl group. However, it is more soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).It is more soluble in organic solvants such as ethanol (methanol), dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethyl sulfoxide. In polar organic solvents, the carboxylic acid can form hydrogen bonds with the solvent molecules, and the aromatic and nitro groups can interact with the organic solvent through van der Waals forces, facilitating dissolution.In polar organic solutions, the carboxylic acids can form hydrogen bonds with solvent molecules. The aromatic and nitro groups may also interact with the organic solvent via van der Waals interactions, facilitating dissolution.


Chemical properties:Chemical properties

Acidity: The carboxylic acid group in 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid imparts acidic properties.Acidity: The carboxylic group in 3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic acids confers acidic properties. It can donate a proton in the presence of a base.It can donate a proton in the presence a base. The pKa value is around 3 - 4, which is typical for aromatic carboxylic acids.The pKa is usually between 3 and 4, which is typical of aromatic carboxylic acid. The electron - withdrawing nitro group further enhances the acidity of the carboxylic acid.The electron-retaining nitro group increases the acidity of carboxylic acids. The nitro group pulls electron density away from the carboxylic acid group through resonance and inductive effects, making it easier for the hydrogen atom of the carboxylic acid to dissociate as a proton.The nitro group, through resonance and inductive effect, pulls electron density from the carboxylic group. This makes it easier for the hydrogen of the carboxylic to dissociate into a proton.

Reactivity of the double bond: The carbon - carbon double bond in the acrylic acid part of the molecule is reactive.Double bond reactivity: The double bond carbon-carbon in the acrylic acid portion of the molecule has a high level of reactivity. It can undergo addition reactions.It can undergo addition reaction. For example, it can react with bromine in an electrophilic addition reaction to form a dibromo - derivative.It can, for example, react with bromine to form a dibromo-derivative in an electrophilic reaction. The double bond can also participate in Diels - Alder reactions when reacting with appropriate dienes, providing a useful synthetic route to form cyclic compounds.Double bonds can also be involved in Diels-Alder reactions, when reacting with the appropriate dienes. This is a useful way to synthesize cyclic compounds.

Reactivity of the nitro group: The nitro group is a strong electron - withdrawing group.Reactivity of the Nitro group: The Nitro group is an electron-withdrawing group. It can be reduced to an amino group under appropriate reducing conditions, such as using reducing agents like tin and hydrochloric acid or hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst like palladium on carbon.It can be reduced into an amino group when the conditions are right, for example using reducing agents such as tin or hydrochloric acids in the presence a catalyst (palladium on carbon). This reduction reaction can be used to modify the chemical properties of the molecule, for example, to introduce an amino functionality that can be further reacted in various synthetic transformations like acylation or alkylation reactions.This reduction reaction can modify the chemical properties in the molecule. For example, it can introduce an amino functionality which can be further reacted with in various synthetic transformations such as acylation and alkylation reactions.

How to synthesize 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid?

Synthesis of 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid can be achieved through the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Here is a general approach.Here is a general method.
1. Materials Preparation
First, gather the necessary starting materials.Gather the materials you need to begin. Benzaldehyde derivatives are key starting compounds.The key starting compounds are benzaldehyde-derived compounds. In this case, 4 - nitrobenzaldehyde is used.In this case 4 -nitrobenzaldehyde was used. The other important reagent is malonic acid.Malonic acid is the other important reagent. Pyridine is often used as a base catalyst in this reaction.In this reaction, pyridine is commonly used as a catalyst. Additionally, some organic solvents like ethanol can be used to facilitate the reaction.Some organic solvents, such as ethanol, can also be used to speed up the reaction. Ensure that all the chemicals are of high purity to obtain good yields.To get good yields, make sure that all chemicals are high-purity.

2. Reaction SetupReaction Setup
In a suitable reaction flask, add a measured amount of 4 - nitrobenzaldehyde.Add a measured quantity of 4 -nitrobenzaldehyde to a suitable reaction flask. Then, add an appropriate amount of malonic acid.Add an appropriate amount malonic acid. The molar ratio of 4 - nitrobenzaldehyde to malonic acid is typically around 1:1.2 to 1:1.5.The molar proportion of 4 -nitrobenzaldehyde and malonic acid is usually between 1:1.2 and 1:1.5. This ensures that the limiting reagent is the aldehyde and promotes a higher conversion rate.This ensures the limiting reagent, the aldehyde, is used and promotes higher conversion rates.
Next, add a small amount of pyridine.Add a small amount pyridine. Pyridine acts as a base, which deprotonates malonic acid, making it more reactive towards the aldehyde.Pyridine is a base that deprotonates the malonic acid and makes it more reactive to the aldehyde. The amount of pyridine added is usually a catalytic amount, around 5 - 10 mol% relative to the amount of 4 - nitrobenzaldehyde.The amount of pyridine is usually catalytic, around 5-10 mol% relative the amount of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde.
Then, add ethanol to dissolve the reactants.Add ethanol to dissolve the reaction products. The volume of ethanol should be sufficient to ensure good mixing of all components.The volume of ethanol used should be sufficient to ensure that all components are thoroughly mixed.

3. Reaction ProcessReaction Process
The reaction flask is then equipped with a reflux condenser.The reaction flask will then be equipped with a condenser. This is important to prevent the loss of volatile components during heating.This is necessary to prevent the loss volatile components during heating. Heat the reaction mixture under reflux.Heat the reaction mixture by reflux. The reaction is typically carried out at the boiling point of the ethanol - based solvent mixture, which is around 78 - 80 degC.The reaction is usually carried out at 78-80 degC, which is the boiling point of ethanol-based solvent mixture. The reaction usually takes several hours, often 3 - 6 hours.The reaction takes a few hours, usually 3 to 6 hours. During this time, the malonic acid, activated by the pyridine, reacts with the 4 - nitrobenzaldehyde.During this period, the malonic, activated by pyridine, reacts the 4 -nitrobenzaldehyde. The reaction proceeds through a series of steps involving nucleophilic addition and subsequent elimination to form 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid.The reaction proceeds in a series steps that involve nucleophilic add-on and elimination to form 3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic acids.
4. Product Isolation and PurificationProduct Isolation & Purification
After the reaction is complete, cool the reaction mixture to room temperature.Cool the reaction mixture down to room temperature. The product may start to precipitate out.The product may begin to precipitate. To further isolate the product, filter the mixture.Filter the mixture to further isolate the product. Wash the solid obtained on the filter paper with cold ethanol to remove any unreacted starting materials, pyridine, and by - products.To remove unreacted starting materials and by-products, wash the solid obtained from the filter paper in cold ethanol.
The crude product can be further purified by recrystallization.The crude product may be purified further by recrystallization. Dissolve the crude 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid in a minimum amount of hot ethanol or a suitable solvent mixture (such as ethanol - water).Dissolve the crude 3- (4 - Nitrophenyl-acrylic acid) in a small amount of hot ethanol, or a suitable mixture (such ethanol-water). Then, slowly cool the solution.Then, cool the solution slowly. Pure 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid will crystallize out, which can be collected by filtration again.The pure 3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic will crystallize and can be collected again by filtration. Analyze the purified product using techniques like melting point determination, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to confirm its identity and purity.Use techniques such as melting point determination, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and infrared spectrum analysis to confirm the identity and purity of the purified product.

What are the safety precautions for handling 3-(4-Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid?

3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid is a chemical compound that requires certain safety precautions during handling.3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic Acid is a corrosive compound that must be handled with care.
First, in terms of personal protective equipment.Personal protective equipment is the first thing to consider. Wear appropriate protective clothing, such as long - sleeved lab coats made of chemical - resistant materials.Wear protective clothing such as long-sleeved lab jackets made from chemical-resistant materials. This helps prevent direct contact of the chemical with the skin, which could potentially lead to skin irritation or absorption of the chemical into the body.This prevents direct contact between the chemical and the skin which could lead to skin irritation or the absorption of chemical into the body. Gloves are also essential.Gloves are essential. Choose gloves made of materials like nitrile or neoprene that have good resistance to the chemical.Choose gloves made from materials such as nitrile or Neoprene, which are resistant to the chemical. When handling 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid, ensure the gloves fit well and are free from any holes or tears.When handling 3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic acids, make sure the gloves are well fitted and free of any holes or tears.

Eye protection is crucial.Eye protection is essential. Safety goggles should be worn at all times.Always wear safety goggles. Chemical splashes can occur during handling, and if the acid gets into the eyes, it can cause severe damage, including irritation, burns, and potential loss of vision.When handling chemicals, chemical splashes may occur. If the acid gets in the eyes, severe damage can be caused, including irritation, burning, and even loss of vision. Goggles provide a barrier to prevent any accidental splashes from reaching the eyes.Goggles are a barrier that prevents any accidental splashes reaching the eyes.

Second, when it comes to the handling environment.Second, the environment in which you handle the product is important. Work in a well - ventilated area, preferably under a fume hood.Work in an area that is well-ventilated, preferably under the fume hood. 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid may release vapors that are harmful if inhaled.Inhaling vapors from 3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic acids can be harmful. A fume hood effectively removes these vapors from the breathing zone, reducing the risk of respiratory problems.A fume hood will effectively remove these vapors and reduce the risk of respiratory issues. If there is no fume hood available, ensure the room has good general ventilation to dilute any released vapors.If a fume hood is not available, make sure the room has adequate ventilation to dilute any vapors released.

In addition, be careful during the transfer and measurement processes.Be careful when transferring and measuring the chemical. Use appropriate tools for weighing and transferring the chemical.Use the right tools to weigh and transfer the chemical. Avoid any sudden movements or spills.Avoid sudden movements or spills. When transferring the acid from one container to another, do it slowly and steadily to prevent splashing.Transferring acid from one container into another should be done slowly and steadily in order to avoid splashing. If a spill does occur, have a spill - clean - up kit ready.Prepare a spill-clean-up kit in case of spillage. Absorb the spill with an appropriate absorbent material, such as vermiculite or sand, and then carefully dispose of the contaminated absorbent according to local regulations.Use an absorbent material such as vermiculite, sand or other suitable absorbents to absorb the spill. Dispose of the contaminated absorbent in accordance with local regulations.

Finally, storage is important.Storage is also important. Store 3-(4 - Nitrophenyl)acrylic acid in a cool, dry place away from sources of heat and ignition.Store 3-(4-nitrophenylacrylic acid) in a cool and dry place, away from heat sources and ignition. Keep it in a tightly - sealed container to prevent moisture absorption and the release of vapors.Keep it in an airtight container to prevent moisture absorption. Label the container clearly with the chemical name, hazard warnings, and any other relevant information to ensure safe handling by all who may come into contact with it.Label the container with the chemical name and any warnings or other information relevant to the handling of the product.