What is the chemical structure of ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACID?

ALPHA - PHENYLACRYLIC ACID, also known as 2 - phenylacrylic acid or cinnamic acid.ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACIDS is also known as cinnamic or 2 - phenylacrylic acids. Its chemical formula is C9H8O2.Its chemical formula C9H8O2.
The chemical structure of ALPHA - PHENYLACRYLIC ACID consists of a benzene ring attached to a vinyl group which in turn is connected to a carboxylic acid functional group.The chemical structure of ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACIDS consists of a benzene group attached to a vinyl ring, which is then connected to a functional carboxylic group.

Starting with the benzene ring, it is a six - membered aromatic ring with alternating single and double bonds.It is a six-membered aromatic ring that alternates between single and double bonds. Each carbon atom in the benzene ring is sp2 hybridized.Each carbon atom is sp2 hybridized. The delocalized p - electrons in the benzene ring give it its characteristic stability and aromaticity.The benzene ring's aromaticity and stability are due to the delocalized p-electrons.

The vinyl group, which is a two - carbon unsaturated group with a carbon - carbon double bond, is attached to one of the carbon atoms of the benzene ring.The vinyl group is a double-bonded carbon-carbon group that is two-carbon unsaturated. It is attached to the carbon atom of the benzene rings. The double bond in the vinyl group consists of a s - bond and a p - bond.The vinyl group double bond is made up of an s-bond and a P-bond. The carbon atoms in the vinyl group are also sp2 hybridized.The carbon atoms of the vinyl group also have sp2 hybridization.

Finally, the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) is attached to the other carbon of the vinyl group.The carboxylic acid group is then attached to the other carbon in the vinyl group. In the carboxylic acid group, the carbon atom is double - bonded to an oxygen atom (C = O) and single - bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH).In the carboxylic group, the carbon is double-bonded to an oxygen (C = O) but single-bonded to a group of hydroxyls (-OH). The carbon atom in the carboxylic acid group is sp2 hybridized.The carbon atom of the carboxylic group is sp2 hybridized. The C = O double bond is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and oxygen, and the -OH group can participate in hydrogen bonding.The C = O double bonds are polar because of the difference in electronegativity in carbon and oxygen. The -OH group is also able to participate in hydrogen bonding.

This overall structure of ALPHA - PHENYLACRYLIC ACID gives it certain physical and chemical properties.The overall structure of ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACIDS gives it certain chemical and physical properties. The presence of the benzene ring makes it relatively non - polar in part, while the carboxylic acid group adds some polarity and the ability to participate in acid - base reactions.The presence of benzene rings makes it non-polar in part. The carboxylic acid groups add some polarity, and allow it to participate in acid-base reactions. The double bond in the vinyl group can undergo addition reactions, such as addition of hydrogen (hydrogenation) to form a saturated compound, or addition of halogens like bromine in an electrophilic addition reaction.The double bond of the vinyl group is capable of addition reactions. For example, it can undergo hydrogenation to form a saturated compound or electrophilic addition reactions with halogens such as bromine. The carboxylic acid group can react with bases to form salts, and can also participate in esterification reactions with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst.The carboxylic group can react with bases and form salts. It can also participate in esterifications with alcohols when an acid catalyst is present.

What are the main applications of ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACID?

Alpha - phenylacrylic acid, also known as cinnamic acid, has several important applications in various fields:Alpha-phenylacrylic Acid, also known by the name cinnamic acids, has many important applications in different fields:
1. In the Pharmaceutical IndustryIn the Pharmaceutical Industry
Alpha - phenylacrylic acid serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of numerous drugs.Alpha-phenylacrylic Acid is a key intermediate used in the synthesis and production of many drugs. For example, it can be used in the production of anti - inflammatory drugs.It can be used to produce anti-inflammatory drugs, for example. Its structure can be modified to create compounds that target the body's inflammatory pathways.Its structure can also be altered to create compounds that target inflammatory pathways in the body. Some derivatives of alpha - phenylacrylic acid have shown potential in treating conditions like arthritis by reducing pain and swelling.Some derivatives of alpha-phenylacrylic acids have shown promise in treating conditions such as arthritis by reducing swelling and pain. Additionally, it has applications in the synthesis of anti - microbial agents.It is also used in the synthesis anti-microbial agents. Compounds derived from it can disrupt the cell membranes or metabolic processes of bacteria and fungi, helping to prevent and treat infections.Compounds derived can disrupt cell membranes and metabolic processes of bacteria or fungi. This helps to prevent and treat infection.

2. In the Food and Beverage Industry2.
It is used as a flavoring agent.It is used to flavor food. Alpha - phenylacrylic acid has a pleasant, sweet - spicy aroma similar to cinnamon.Alpha-phenylacrylic Acid has a pleasant, spicy-sweet aroma that is similar to cinnamon. It is added to a variety of food products such as candies, baked goods, and beverages to enhance their flavor.It is used to enhance the flavor of a wide range of food products, including baked goods, candies, and beverages. In the production of cinnamon - flavored items, it can either be used alone or in combination with other natural or artificial flavorings.It can be used either alone or in combination other natural or synthetic flavorings to produce cinnamon-flavored products. It also has some preservative properties.It has some preservative qualities. It can inhibit the growth of certain spoilage - causing microorganisms in food, thus extending the shelf - life of products.It can inhibit the growth and spread of certain microorganisms that cause food to spoil, thereby extending the shelf life of products.

3. In the Cosmetics and Personal Care IndustryCosmetics and Personal care industry
Alpha - phenylacrylic acid and its derivatives are used in cosmetics.Cosmetics use alpha-phenylacrylic acids and their derivatives. They can be found in perfumes due to their fragrant properties, adding a warm, spicy note to the fragrance compositions.These compounds are used in perfumes because of their aromatic properties. They add a warm, spicy flavor to fragrance compositions. In skin - care products, some of its derivatives may have antioxidant properties.Some of its derivatives have antioxidant properties and may be used in skin-care products. Antioxidants help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals, which are associated with premature aging, sun damage, and skin diseases.Antioxidants protect the skin against damage caused by free-radicals, which can lead to premature aging, skin diseases, and sun damage. This makes alpha - phenylacrylic acid - based ingredients valuable in anti - aging creams and serums.Alpha-phenylacrylic acids are therefore valuable ingredients in anti-aging creams and serums.

4. In the Polymer IndustryPolymer Industry
It is used as a monomer in the synthesis of polymers.It is used in the synthesis and synthesis of polymers. When polymerized, the resulting polymers can have unique properties.The polymers that result from polymerization can have unique properties. For instance, polymers made from alpha - phenylacrylic acid can exhibit good thermal stability and mechanical strength.Polymers made from alpha-phenylacrylic acids can have good mechanical strength and thermal stability. These polymers can be used in the production of plastics for various applications, such as in the manufacturing of automotive parts where materials need to withstand high temperatures and mechanical stress.These polymers are used to produce plastics for a variety of applications, including automotive parts that need to withstand high temperature and mechanical stress. In addition, they can be used in the production of coatings.They can also be used to produce coatings. The coatings formed from these polymers can provide protection against corrosion and wear on different surfaces.These polymers can be used to create coatings that protect surfaces from corrosion and wear.

What are the properties of ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACID?

Alpha - phenylacrylic acid, also known as 2 - phenylacrylic acid or cinnamic acid, has several notable properties.Alpha-phenylacrylic Acid, also known by the names 2 -phenylacrylic Acid or cinnamic acids, has a number of notable properties.
Physical properties:Physical Properties
In terms of appearance, alpha - phenylacrylic acid typically exists as white to yellowish - white crystalline flakes or powder.Alpha-phenylacrylic Acid is typically white to yellowish-white crystalline powder or flakes. It has a characteristic pleasant, balsamic odor.It has a pleasant, balsamic smell. The melting point of alpha - phenylacrylic acid is around 133 - 134 degrees Celsius.The melting point for alpha-phenylacrylic is between 133 and 134 degrees Celsius. This relatively high melting point is due to the presence of strong intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces.This high melting point is a result of the strong intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonds and van der Waals force. Its boiling point is approximately 300 degrees Celsius.Its boiling temperature is around 300 degrees Celsius.

Solubility is another important physical property.Another important physical property is soluble. Alpha - phenylacrylic acid is sparingly soluble in water.Alpha-phenylacrylic Acid is sparingly water soluble. This is because the molecule consists of a non - polar phenyl group and a relatively small polar carboxylic acid group.This is due to the fact that the molecule is composed of a non-polar phenyl and a relatively smaller polar carboxylic group. The non - polar part of the molecule disrupts the hydrogen - bonding network of water molecules, making it difficult for the compound to dissolve in large amounts.The non-polar part of this molecule disrupts hydrogen-bonding networks in water molecules. This makes it difficult to dissolve large amounts of the compound. However, it is soluble in many organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform.It is soluble in ethanol, chloroform, and ether. These organic solvents can interact with the non - polar phenyl group through van der Waals forces and with the carboxylic acid group through hydrogen - bonding or dipole - dipole interactions.These organic solvents interact with the non-polar phenyl groups through van der Waals interactions and with the carboxylic acids through hydrogen-bonding or dipole-dipole interactions.

Chemical properties:Chemical properties
The carboxylic acid group in alpha - phenylacrylic acid is reactive.The carboxylic group in alpha-phenylacrylic acids is reactive. It can undergo typical acid - base reactions.It can undergo acid-base reactions. For example, it can react with bases such as sodium hydroxide to form the corresponding carboxylate salt.It can, for example, react with bases like sodium hydroxide in order to form the carboxylate salt. This reaction is a simple neutralization reaction, where the acidic hydrogen of the carboxylic acid group is replaced by a metal cation.This is a simple neutralization, where the acidic hydrogen in the carboxylic group is replaced with a metal cation.
The double bond in the molecule also endows it with reactivity.The double bond also gives the molecule reactivity. Alpha - phenylacrylic acid can participate in addition reactions.Alpha-phenylacrylic acids can be involved in additional reactions. For instance, it can react with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst like palladium on carbon to form phenylpropionic acid.It can, for example, react with hydrogen when a catalyst such as palladium is present on carbon to produce phenylpropionic acids. This is a hydrogenation reaction, adding hydrogen atoms across the double bond.This is a reaction of hydrogenation, where hydrogen atoms are added across the double bond. It can also react with halogens like bromine in an addition reaction, resulting in the formation of a dibromo - derivative.It can also react in an addition reaction with halogens such as bromine, resulting in a dibromo-derivative.
The phenyl group in alpha - phenylacrylic acid also has an influence on its chemical behavior.The phenyl group also influences its chemical behavior. It can participate in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.It can be used in electrophilic aromatic substitute reactions. For example, it can be nitrated, where a nitro group is introduced onto the phenyl ring.It can be nitrated by adding a nitro group to the phenyl rings. The carboxylic acid group can act as a deactivating and meta - directing group in these reactions, determining the position of the incoming electrophile.The carboxylic group can act as both a meta-directing and deactivating group in these reactions by determining the position the incoming electronophile.

Overall, these physical and chemical properties make alpha - phenylacrylic acid useful in various applications, such as in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, flavorings, and polymers.These physical and chemical properties allow alpha-phenylacrylic to be used in a variety of applications, including the synthesis and flavorings of pharmaceuticals and polymers.

How is ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACID synthesized?

ALPHA - PHENYLACRYLIC ACID, also known as 2 - phenylacrylic acid or cinnamic acid, can be synthesized through several methods.ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACIDS, also known by the names 2 - phenylacrylic acids or cinnamic acids, can be synthesized using several methods. One common approach is the Perkin reaction.Perkin reaction is a common method.
In the Perkin reaction, benzaldehyde reacts with acetic anhydride in the presence of a base, typically sodium acetate.In the Perkin Reaction, benzaldehyde is reacting with acetic ahydride in presence of a basic, usually sodium acetate. First, benzaldehyde has a carbonyl group which is relatively electrophilic.First, benzaldehyde contains a carbonyl ring that is relatively electrophilic. The base, sodium acetate, deprotonates acetic anhydride.The base, sodium anhydride, deprotonates the acetic acid. The deprotonated acetic anhydride then acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde.The deprotonated anhydride acts as a nucleophile, attacking the carbonyl carbon in benzaldehyde. This forms an intermediate.This forms an intermediary. Subsequently, through a series of intramolecular rearrangements and elimination steps, acetic acid is removed, and ALPHA - PHENYLACRYLIC ACID is formed.The acetic acid will be removed through a series intramolecular rearrangements, followed by elimination steps. ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACIDS are formed.

Another method involves the Knoevenagel condensation.Knoevenagel condensation is another method. In this reaction, benzaldehyde reacts with malonic acid in the presence of a weak base such as pyridine.In this reaction, malonic acid reacts with benzaldehyde in the presence a weak base like pyridine. Malonic acid, due to the presence of two carboxylic acid groups, is relatively acidic.Due to the presence two carboxylic acids, malonic acid is relatively acidic. The base deprotonates malonic acid, generating a nucleophilic species.The base deprotonates the malonic acid to produce a nucleophilic substance. This nucleophile attacks the carbonyl group of benzaldehyde.This nucleophile attacks benzaldehyde's carbonyl group. After further reaction steps, including decarboxylation (the loss of a carbon dioxide molecule from the intermediate formed), ALPHA - PHENYLACRYLIC ACID is obtained.ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACIDS are obtained after further reactions, including decarboxylation.

The synthesis can also be achieved by the Wittig reaction.The Wittig reaction can also be used to achieve the synthesis. A phosphonium ylide, prepared from an appropriate phosphonium salt and a strong base, reacts with benzaldehyde.A phosphonium-ylide prepared from a phosphonium salt, a strong base and an appropriate acid reacts with benzaldehyde. The ylide has a negatively charged carbon adjacent to a positively charged phosphorus atom.The ylide contains a negatively-charged carbon atom next to a positively-charged phosphorus atom. The negatively charged carbon of the ylide attacks the carbonyl carbon of benzaldehyde, while the oxygen of benzaldehyde forms a bond with the phosphorus.The negatively-charged carbon of the ylide attacks carbonyl carbon in benzaldehyde while the oxygen in benzaldehyde bonds with the phosphorus. Through a series of bond - breaking and bond - forming steps, an alkene is formed, resulting in the production of ALPHA - PHENYLACRYLIC ACID.A series of bond-breaking and bond-forming steps leads to the formation of an alkene, which in turn results in ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACIDS. Each of these methods has its own advantages and considerations in terms of reaction conditions, yield, and purity of the final product.Each method has its own advantages, as well as considerations, in terms of reaction conditions and yield. The Perkin reaction is relatively straightforward and commonly used.Perkin's reaction is a relatively simple and common method. The Knoevenagel condensation can be milder in some cases.In some cases, the Knoevenagel reaction can be milder. The Wittig reaction allows for more control over the double - bond formation but may involve more complex reagent preparation.The Wittig reaction is more controlled in terms of the formation of double bonds, but it may require more complex reagents.

What are the safety precautions when handling ALPHA-PHENYLACRYLIC ACID?

Alpha - phenylacrylic acid, also known as cinnamic acid, has certain safety aspects to consider during handling.When handling alpha-phenylacrylic acids, also known by the name cinnamic acids, certain safety considerations need to be taken into account.
First, in terms of physical contact, it can cause skin irritation.It can cause skin irritation when it comes to physical contact. When handling it, wear appropriate personal protective equipment such as chemical - resistant gloves.Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as chemical-resistant gloves, when handling it. Nitrile gloves are a good choice as they can resist many chemicals.Nitrile gloves can withstand many chemicals. Avoid direct skin contact with the acid.Avoid direct skin contact. If accidental contact occurs, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.If you accidentally come into contact with the acid, immediately rinse it off for at least 15 mins. This helps to wash away the acid and minimize its corrosive effect on the skin.This helps wash away the acid, minimizing its corrosive effects on the skin. If there is any sign of redness, itching, or pain, seek medical attention promptly.Seek medical attention immediately if there are any signs of redness, itchiness, or pain.

Regarding eye contact, alpha - phenylacrylic acid can be extremely harmful to the eyes.When in contact with the eyes, alpha-phenylacrylic can be very harmful. Always wear safety goggles or a face shield when working with it.Wear safety goggles and a face shield whenever you are working with this acid. In case the acid gets into the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with copious amounts of clean water.If the acid gets in the eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of clean water. Tilt the head to one side so that the water can flow from the inner corner of the eye to the outer corner, helping to remove the acid.Tilt your head to one side to allow the water to flow from the inner corner to the outer corner of the eye, helping to remove acid. Keep the eyes open during the flushing process and continue for at least 15 - 20 minutes.Continue flushing for 15 to 20 minutes. After that, seek immediate medical help as eye damage can be severe and long - lasting.Seek immediate medical attention as eye damage may be severe and long-lasting.

Inhalation is another concern.Inhalation can also be a problem. Alpha - phenylacrylic acid may release dust or fumes during handling, which can irritate the respiratory tract.The handling of alpha - phenylacrylic acids can release dust or fumes that can irritate respiratory tracts. Work in a well - ventilated area, preferably in a fume hood.Work in an area that is well-ventilated, preferably under a fume hood. A fume hood can effectively draw away any potentially harmful vapors or dust particles, reducing the risk of inhalation.A fume hood will effectively remove any potentially harmful dust or vapors, reducing the risk for inhalation. If a fume hood is not available, ensure there is good general ventilation in the room.If a fume-hood is not available, make sure that the room is well ventilated. If you accidentally inhale the dust or fumes, move to an area with fresh air immediately.If you accidentally inhale dust or fumes move to a place with fresh air as soon as possible. If symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or chest tightness develop, seek medical assistance.If you experience symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness or breath, or coughing, seek medical attention.

Finally, in terms of storage, keep alpha - phenylacrylic acid in a cool, dry place away from sources of heat and ignition.Keep alpha-phenylacrylic in a cool and dry place, away from heat sources and ignition. Store it in a tightly sealed container to prevent the release of dust or fumes.Store it in a tightly-sealed container to prevent dust or fumes from escaping. Also, keep it away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents and bases, as they can react violently with the acid.Keep it away from other substances that can react violently, such as strong bases and oxidizing agents. By following these safety precautions, the risks associated with handling alpha - phenylacrylic acid can be minimized.These safety precautions can help reduce the risks of handling alpha-phenylacrylic acids.