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Product Name | Methacrylic acid, hexadecyl ester |
Cas Number | 2495-27-4 |
Formula | C20H38O2 |
Molar Mass | 310.51 |
Density | 0.868 g/cm3 |
Boiling Point | 394.4 °C at 760 mmHg |
Flash Point | 173.5 °C |
Refractive Index | 1.452 |
Vapor Pressure | 0.0 mmHg at 25°C |
Logp | 9.01 |
Viscosity | Not determined |
Water Solubility | Insoluble |
Melting Point | Not determined |
Appearance | Clear liquid |
Odor | Characteristic |
What are the main applications of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester?
Methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester has several main applications.There are several main applications for methacrylic acid, hexadecyl ester.
One significant application is in the field of coatings.Coatings are a significant application. It can be incorporated into coating formulations to improve various properties.It can be added to coating formulations to enhance various properties. For example, it enhances the film - forming ability of coatings.It can improve the film-forming ability of coatings. The long - chain hexadecyl group in methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester contributes to the formation of a smooth and continuous film.The long-chain hexadecyl groups in the methacrylic acids hexadecyl esters contribute to the formation a smooth, continuous film. This is beneficial for protective coatings, such as those used on metal surfaces.This is good for protective coatings such as those applied to metal surfaces. The resulting coatings have better adhesion to the substrate, which helps prevent corrosion and wear.The coatings that result have a better adhesion with the substrate. This helps to prevent corrosion and wear. Additionally, it can improve the hardness and abrasion resistance of the coatings.It can also improve the hardness of the coatings and their resistance to abrasion. In industrial settings where machinery and equipment are exposed to mechanical stress, coatings with methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester can provide longer - lasting protection.Coatings with methacrylic acids hexadecyl esters can be used in industrial settings to protect machinery and equipment from mechanical stress.
In the area of adhesives, methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester also plays an important role.Methacrylic acid Hexadecyl Ester plays a significant role in the adhesives field. It can be used to modify the properties of adhesive polymers.It can be used for modifying the properties of adhesives. The long - chain alkyl group can adjust the viscosity and tack of the adhesive.The long-chain alkyl group is able to adjust the viscosity of the adhesive. This allows for better wetting of the surfaces to be bonded, improving the adhesive strength.This allows for a better wetting of surfaces to be bonded and improves the adhesive strength. For applications like bonding plastics or composites, the modified adhesives with this ester can form strong and durable bonds.Modified adhesives with ester can be used to form strong and durable bonding for applications such as bonding composites or plastics. It also helps in controlling the curing process of the adhesive, ensuring that the bond is formed efficiently and with the desired properties.It also helps control the curing of the adhesive to ensure that the bond forms efficiently and with the desired characteristics.
It is also used in the synthesis of polymers for drug delivery systems.It can also be used to synthesize polymers for drug-delivery systems. Methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester can be copolymerized with other monomers to create polymers with specific properties.Copolymerization of the hexadecyl ester of methacrylic acid with other monomers can create polymers with specific characteristics. The long - chain group can influence the hydrophobicity of the polymer.The hydrophobicity can be affected by the long-chain group. In drug delivery, hydrophobic polymers can be designed to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs.Hydrophobic polymers are often used to encapsulate hydrophobic medications. The polymer can protect the drug from degradation in the body until it reaches the target site.The polymer can protect drugs from degradation until they reach the target site. The controlled release of the drug can be achieved by adjusting the composition of the copolymer containing methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester.By adjusting the composition, the copolymer that contains methacrylic acids hexadecyl ester can be used to achieve controlled release. This enables more effective and targeted drug delivery, improving the therapeutic efficiency of drugs.This allows for more targeted and effective drug delivery, thereby improving the therapeutic efficacy of drugs.
Furthermore, in the production of cosmetics, methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester can be used in formulations.In addition, the formulations of cosmetics can also include methacrylic acid Hexadecyl Ester. It can contribute to the texture and stability of products such as creams and lotions.It can improve the texture and stability in products like creams and lotions. The long - chain ester can help in creating a smooth and non - greasy feel on the skin.The long-chain ester can create a smooth, non-greasy feeling on the skin. It also aids in the emulsification process, ensuring that oil - in - water or water - in - oil emulsions are stable, which is crucial for the quality and shelf - life of cosmetic products.It also helps in the emulsification, ensuring that water -in - oil or oil -in - water emulsions remain stable. This is important for the quality and shelf life of cosmetics.
What are the properties of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester?
Methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester is an ester compound with distinct properties.The ester compound methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester has distinct properties.
In terms of physical properties, it is typically a colorless to pale - yellow liquid at room temperature.Physically, it is a colorless or pale-yellow liquid at room temperatures. It has a relatively high boiling point due to the long - chain hexadecyl group attached to the methacrylic acid moiety.It has a high boiling point because of the long-chain hexadecyl attached to the moiety of methacrylic acids. The long alkyl chain contributes to its low volatility.Its low volatility is due to the long alkyl chains. The density of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester is usually lower than that of water, which means it will float on the water surface if mixed.The density of the methacrylic Acid hexadecyl Ester is usually lower that of water. This means it will float if mixed with water.
Regarding solubility, it is insoluble in water.It is not soluble in water. This is because the long non - polar hexadecyl chain dominates the molecular structure, making the molecule hydrophobic.The long non-polar hexadecyl chains dominate the molecule, making it hydrophobic. However, it is soluble in many organic solvents such as hydrocarbons (e.g., toluene, hexane), chlorinated solvents (e.g., dichloromethane), and esters (e.g., ethyl acetate).It is soluble in a wide range of organic solvents, including hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, and esters, such as ethyl-acetate, dichloromethane, and toluene. This solubility behavior makes it suitable for use in various organic - based formulations.This solubility makes it suitable for use with various organic-based formulations.
From a chemical property perspective, the methacrylic acid part of the molecule contains a carbon - carbon double bond.The methacrylic part of the molecule has a double carbon-carbon bond. This double bond is highly reactive and can participate in polymerization reactions.This double bond can be highly reactive and participate in polymerization. It can undergo free - radical polymerization, for example.It can be polymerized by free-radical polymerization. In the presence of a suitable initiator, such as a peroxide or an azo - compound, the double bond breaks, and monomers of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester can link together to form polymers.In the presence a suitable initiator such as a azo-compound or a peroxide, the double bonds can be broken and monomers of the methacrylic acid, hexadecyl ester, can link together to create polymers. These polymers can have unique properties.These polymers may have unique properties. The long hexadecyl side - chains in the polymer can impart hydrophobicity, low surface energy, and good film - forming properties.The polymer's long hexadecyl - side - chain can impart hydrophobicity and low surface energy as well as good film forming properties.
The ester group in methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester is also reactive under certain conditions.Under certain conditions, the ester group of methacrylic Acid hexadecyl Ester is also reactive. It can be hydrolyzed in the presence of strong acids or bases.It can be hydrolyzed when strong acids or bases are present. Acid - catalyzed hydrolysis will convert the ester back to methacrylic acid and hexadecyl alcohol, while base - catalyzed hydrolysis (saponification) will produce the carboxylate salt of methacrylic acid and hexadecyl alcohol.Acid-catalyzed hydrogenation will convert the ester to methacrylic and hexadecyl ethanol, while base-catalyzed hydrogenation (saponification), will produce the carboxylate of methacrylic and hexadecyl ethanol.
These properties of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester make it useful in a variety of applications.This property of methacrylic acids hexadecyl ester makes it useful for a variety applications. In the coatings industry, its polymers can be used to form protective films with good water - resistance.In the coatings sector, its polymers are used to create protective films that are water-resistant. In the production of adhesives, the reactive double bond can be used to cross - link the molecules, improving the adhesion strength and durability of the adhesive.In the production adhesives, the double bond reactive can be used to cross-link the molecules and improve the adhesion strength.
How is methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester synthesized?
Methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester can be synthesized through the esterification reaction between methacrylic acid and hexadecyl alcohol.The esterification reaction of methacrylic and hexadecyl ethanol can be used to synthesize the hexadecyl esters. Here is a general description of the synthesis process.Here is a description of the general synthesis process.
First, the raw materials are prepared.The raw materials must first be prepared. Methacrylic acid and hexadecyl alcohol are carefully measured according to a certain molar ratio.Methacrylic and hexadecyl are measured to a specific molar ratio. Usually, an appropriate excess of one reactant may be used to promote the reaction to proceed towards the formation of the ester.A suitable excess of one of the reactants can be used to encourage the reaction towards the formation the ester. Hexadecyl alcohol is a long - chain fatty alcohol, and methacrylic acid contains a reactive carboxyl group.Hexadecyl Alcohol is a long-chain fatty alcohol and methacrylic Acid contains a carboxyl group.
A catalyst is then added to accelerate the reaction.The reaction is then accelerated by adding a catalyst. Commonly used catalysts for this esterification reaction include sulfuric acid, p - toluenesulfonic acid, etc.Catalysts commonly used for this esterification include sulfuric acid, toluenesulfonic acids, etc. These catalysts can protonate the carbonyl oxygen of methacrylic acid, making the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic and facilitating the nucleophilic attack of the hydroxyl group of hexadecyl alcohol.These catalysts can protonate carbonyl oxygen in methacrylic acids, making it more electrophilic. This will facilitate the nucleophilic reaction of the hydroxyl groups of hexadecyl Alcohol.
To prevent side reactions such as polymerization of methacrylic acid, an inhibitor is often added.Inhibitors are often added to prevent side reactions, such as polymerization. Hydroquinone or its derivatives are frequently used inhibitors.Hydroquinone and its derivatives are commonly used as inhibitors. They can capture free radicals that may initiate polymerization, thus ensuring the formation of the desired ester product.They can capture radicals that could initiate polymerization and ensure the desired ester product.
The reaction is carried out under heating and stirring conditions.The reaction takes place under heating and stirring conditions. The temperature is typically controlled within a certain range, usually around 100 - 150 degC.Temperature is usually controlled within a range, typically between 100 and 150 degC. Heating provides the activation energy required for the reaction, and stirring helps to ensure uniform mixing of the reactants, catalyst, and inhibitor, promoting efficient mass transfer and reaction progress.Heating provides the activation power required for the reaction. Stirring helps to ensure that the reactants, inhibitors, catalysts, and catalysts are mixed uniformly, promoting mass transfer and reaction progression.
During the reaction, water is generated as a by - product.Water is produced as a by-product during the reaction. To drive the reaction to completion according to Le Chatelier's principle, water can be removed continuously.Water can be continuously removed to complete the reaction according to Le Chatelier’s principle. This can be achieved by using a Dean - Stark apparatus, which allows the separation and removal of water from the reaction system while returning the organic components back to the reaction flask.This can be done by using a Dean-Stark apparatus that allows the removal of water and the return of the organic components to the reaction flask.
After the reaction is considered complete based on methods such as monitoring the disappearance of reactants by techniques like gas chromatography or the measurement of acid value, the reaction mixture is cooled.The reaction mixture is cooled after the reaction has been deemed complete, based on techniques such as gas chromatography and the measurement of acidity. Then, post - treatment steps are carried out.After that, the post-treatment steps are performed. The product can be washed with appropriate solvents to remove the catalyst, inhibitor, and any unreacted starting materials.The product can then be washed in appropriate solvents, to remove the inhibitor, catalyst, and any unreacted materials. Finally, the washed product is dried and purified, for example, by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain pure methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester.The washed product can be dried and purified by distillation, for example under reduced pressure, to obtain pure methacrylic acids hexadecyl esters.
What are the safety precautions when handling methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester?
Methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester is a chemical compound that requires certain safety precautions during handling.The hexadecyl esters of methacrylic acids are a chemical compound which requires special precautions when handling.
Firstly, in terms of personal protective equipment.First, personal protective equipment. Wear appropriate chemical - resistant gloves.Wear gloves that are resistant to chemicals. Nitrile gloves are often a good choice as they can provide a barrier against the contact of the chemical with the skin.Nitrile gloves can be a good option as they provide a barrier to the chemical's contact with the skin. Skin contact with methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester can cause irritation, and in severe cases, it may lead to more serious skin problems.Skin contact with the methacrylic hexadecyl ester can cause irritation and, in severe cases, may lead to serious skin problems. Additionally, put on safety goggles or a face shield.Wear safety goggles and a face shield. This is crucial to protect the eyes from any splashes of the chemical.It is important to protect your eyes from any chemical splashes. If the chemical gets into the eyes, it can cause significant damage, including irritation, redness, and potential long - term vision impairment.If the chemical gets in the eyes, it could cause serious damage. This includes irritation, redness and long-term vision impairment.
Secondly, ensure proper ventilation. Work in a well - ventilated area, preferably under a fume hood.Work in an area that is well-ventilated, preferably under the fume hood. Methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester may emit vapors, and inhaling these vapors can be harmful to the respiratory system.Inhaling vapors from Methacrylic Acid Hexadecyl Ester can be harmful to your respiratory system. Prolonged or high - concentration exposure to the vapors may cause respiratory irritation, coughing, shortness of breath, and potentially more serious lung problems.Exposure to the vapors at high concentrations or for a long time can cause respiratory irritation. This may lead to coughing, shortness-of-breath, and even more serious lung conditions. A fume hood effectively removes the vapors from the work area, reducing the risk of inhalation.A fume hood removes the vapors effectively from the work area and reduces the risk of inhalation.
Thirdly, pay attention to storage.Thirdly, be careful with storage. Store methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester in a cool, dry place away from sources of heat and ignition.Store methacrylic acids hexadecyl esters in a cool and dry place, away from heat sources and ignition. It is flammable, so keeping it away from open flames, hot surfaces, and any potential ignition sources is essential to prevent fires and explosions.To prevent fires or explosions, it is important to keep the product away from open flames, surfaces that are hot, and other potential ignition sources. Also, store it in a container that is tightly sealed to prevent leakage.Store it in a tightly sealed container to prevent leakage. In case of a spill, have a spill kit ready.Prepare a spill kit in case of spillage. Absorb the spilled chemical with an appropriate absorbent material, such as vermiculite or sand, and then dispose of it according to local regulations.Use an absorbent material such as vermiculite, sand or other suitable absorbent materials to absorb the spilled chemicals. Dispose of them according to local regulations.
Finally, in case of contact.In the event of skin contact, wash the affected area immediately with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. If skin contact occurs, immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.If skin contact occurs immediately wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for 15 minutes. If eye contact happens, rinse the eyes thoroughly with clean water for at least 15 minutes, and seek immediate medical attention.If eye contact occurs, rinse the eyes thoroughly for at least 15 minute with clean water and seek immediate medical assistance. In case of inhalation, move to an area with fresh air and seek medical help if symptoms such as difficulty breathing or chest pain persist.If you inhale the substance, get to a place with fresh air. Seek medical attention if you experience symptoms such as chest pain or difficulty breathing.
What is the price range of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester in the market?
The price range of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester in the market can vary significantly depending on several factors.The price of methacrylic Acid Hexadecyl Ester on the market can vary greatly depending on several factors.
One of the main factors influencing its price is the scale of production.The scale of production is one of the most important factors that influence its price. Larger - scale manufacturers may be able to offer more competitive prices due to economies of scale.Due to economies of size, larger - scale manufacturers can offer more competitive pricing. They can produce in bulk, reducing per - unit production costs related to raw materials procurement, energy consumption, and labor.They can produce in large quantities, reducing the per-unit production costs associated with raw materials, energy consumption and labor. For instance, well - established chemical companies with large - capacity production facilities might have a cost - advantage over smaller producers.Well - established chemical firms with large – capacity production facilities may have a cost advantage over smaller producers.
The purity of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester also plays a crucial role in determining its price.Purity of the methacrylic hexadecyl ester is also a major factor in determining price. Higher purity grades are generally more expensive.Higher purity grades tend to be more expensive. In applications such as in high - end coatings, adhesives, and some medical - related uses, high - purity products are required.High-purity products are needed for applications like high-end coatings, adhesives and medical-related uses. A product with a purity of 99% or above will likely command a much higher price compared to one with a lower purity level, say around 95%.A product with a 99% purity or higher will command a much more expensive price than one with a lower level of purity, say 95%.
The cost of raw materials is another key determinant.Cost of raw materials is also a key factor. Methacrylic acid and hexadecyl alcohol are the primary raw materials for producing methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester.The primary raw materials used to produce methacrylic ester are hexadecyl ethanol and methacrylic alcohol. Fluctuations in the prices of these raw materials in the global market can directly impact the final price of the ester.Fluctuations of these raw materials on the global market may directly affect the final price. For example, if there is a shortage in the supply of hexadecyl alcohol due to issues in its production process or disruptions in the transportation of its feedstocks, its price will increase, and so will the price of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester.If there is a shortage of hexadecyl ethanol due to problems in its production or disruptions in transportation of its feedstocks then its price will rise, as will the price of the methacrylic hexadecyl ester.
Geographical location also affects the price.The location of the product also influences its price. In regions where there is a high demand but limited local production, the price may be higher due to import costs, including shipping, customs duties, and handling fees.In regions with a high level of demand but limited production, the cost may be higher because of import costs such as shipping, customs duty, and handling fees. On the other hand, in areas with a concentrated presence of chemical production facilities and a well - developed supply chain, the price may be more competitive.In areas with a concentration of chemical production facilities, and a well-developed supply chain, prices may be more competitive.
Generally, in the current market, the price of methacrylic acid hexadecyl ester can range from around $5 to $20 per kilogram.On the current market, methacrylic acids hexadecyl esters can be purchased for $5 to $20 per kilogram. The lower end of this range might be for lower - purity products produced in large volumes for more general - purpose applications, such as in some basic industrial coatings.Lower-purity products, produced in large quantities for general-purpose applications such as some basic industrial coatings, may fall into this price range. The higher end of the price range is typically for high - purity, specialty - grade products used in more demanding applications like electronics or high - performance polymers.The higher end of this price range is usually for high-purity, specialty-grade products used in demanding applications such as electronics or high-performance polymers. However, these are approximate figures, and the actual price can deviate significantly based on the factors mentioned above.These are only approximate figures and the actual price may vary significantly depending on the factors listed above.